摘要
目的了解重庆市涪陵区近5年孕妇碘营养状况,为指导孕妇科学补碘提供依据。方法每年按东、南、西、北、中5个方位从本辖区随机抽取1个乡镇(街道)为监测点,每个监测点各抽取20名孕妇,采集孕妇尿样和家中的食盐检测碘含量。结果2017—2021年,共监测孕妇家中食用盐502份,碘盐覆盖率为97.81%,合格碘盐食用率为92.03%,盐碘中位数为25.35 mg/kg,不同年份间碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率及盐碘含量差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.336、20.287、26.037,P均<0.05);检测502份孕妇尿样,尿碘中位数为153.40μg/L,碘营养总体处于适宜水平,2017、2019及2021年尿碘中位数分别为140.25、133.70和142.25μg/L,均低于适宜水平。5年间孕妇总体碘营养不足244人,占48.61%;碘适宜163人,占32.47%;碘超适宜83人,占16.53%;碘过量9人,占2.39%。不同年份孕妇尿碘水平的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.523,P<0.05)。相关分析结果显示,孕妇家中盐碘含量与孕妇的尿碘含量无相关关系。结论涪陵区孕妇碘营养水平存在不足,有缺碘的风险。应加大宣传和健康教育,加强监测,有针对性的科学补碘,保证孕妇充足的碘营养。
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Fuling District of Chongqing in recent 5 years,and to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women to scientifically supplement iodine.Methods One township/street was randomly selected from the area according to the five directions of east,south,west,north and middle as the monitoring point,and 20 pregnant women were selected from each monitoring point every year.The urine samples of these pregnant women and salt in their homes were collected to detect iodine content.Results From 2017 to 2021,a total of 502 salt samples were tested,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.81%,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 92.03%,and the median salt iodine was 25.35 mg/kg.There were statistically significant differences in iodized salt coverage rate,qualified iodized salt consumption rate and salt iodine content among different years(χ^(2)=13.336,20.287,26.037,all P<0.05).A total of 502 pregnant women’s urine samples were tested,and the median urinary iodine was 153.40μg/L,and the iodine nutrition was generally at an appropriate level.The medians of urinary iodine in 2017,2019 and 2021 were 140.25,133.70 and 142.25μg/L,respectively,which were all lower than the appropriate level.In the five years,244 pregnant women had insufficient iodine nutrition,163 pregnant women had adequate iodine nutrition,83 pregnant women had iodine more than the appropriate,and 9 patients had excessive iodine,accounting for 48.61%,32.47%,16.53%and 2.39%,respectively.The difference in urinary iodine level of pregnant women in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.523,P<0.05).The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation between the salt iodine content of pregnant women’s homes and the urinary iodine content of pregnant women.Conclusion The iodine nutrition level of pregnant women in Fuling District is insufficient,and there is a risk of iodine deficiency.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and health education,strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutritional status of pregnant women,and ensure adequate iodine nutrition for pregnant women through targeted scientific iodine supplement.
作者
周义芬
陈晓明
毕玲
刘榆
王琪
李恒
艾彦彪
ZHOU Yi-fen;CHEN Xiao-ming;BI Ling;LIU Yu;WANG Qi;LI Heng;AI Yan-biao(Fuling District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 408000,China)
出处
《中国地方病防治》
CAS
2022年第3期221-223,265,共4页
Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases
基金
重庆市涪陵区科技计划项目(FLKJ2021BBB2044)。
关键词
碘营养
盐碘
尿碘
孕妇
Iodine nutrition
Salt iodine
Urinary iodine
Pregnant women
