摘要
以兖州矿区深部开采集中掘进巷道围岩自发型冲击失稳与防控为背景,采用理论分析结合现场实践的方法,探究巷道支承应力转移规律和围岩冲击失稳的“应力-能量”条件,并提出“先让压→后支护”巷道冲击地压防控方法。巷道围岩支承应力变化与巷道开挖载荷转移有关,构建巷道支承应力转移的力学模型,推导巷道承载区支承应力的近似表达式;巷道冲击是“顶板-煤-底板”围岩结构支承应力与其承载强度(能力)两者共同作用的结果,将巷道受力特征划分为成浅埋/硬煤(岩)巷道、深埋/软煤(岩)巷道和中-深/中-硬煤(岩)3类模型,并据此得到巷道自发型煤岩冲击失稳的“应力-能量”判据;在阐释“快掘快支+强支护”对高应力集中巷道冲击地压防治不利因素的基础上,提出以增加塑性、弹性范围和促进应力向深部转移以及减小应力集中为主要核心,防控自发型巷道冲击地压的“先让压→后支护”的方法。运用研究成果对深部采区冲击事故巷道进行验证,理论分析结果与实际自发冲击特征相吻合,同时指导了巷道复掘冲击地压预测防控和安全掘进。
Taking the deep surrounding rock spontaneously rockburst instability and prevention and control of concentrated tunneling roadway in Yanzhou mining area as the background,, this paper explores the evolution law of roadway support stress transfer and the “stress-energy” condition of surrounding rock rockburst instability, and proposes the roadway rockburst prevention and control method of first pressure relief and then support.with theoretical analysis and field practice.The change of support stress from roadway surrounding rock is related to the transfer of roadway excavation loading. The mechanical model of roadway support stress transfer is established, and the approximate expression of roadway support stress in roadway bearing area is deduced. Roadway rockburst is the result of the interaction between the support stress of surrounding rock of “roof-coal-floor” rock-structure and its bearing capacity(strength). The stress characteristics of roadway are divided into three types of models-shallow buried/hard coal(rock) roadway, deep buried/soft coal(rock) roadway and medium deep/medium hard coal(rock). Based on the above, the “stress energy” engineering criterion of roadway coal-rock spontaneously rockburst instability is obtained. On the basis of explaining the adverse influences of the traditional “fast excavation and fast support plus strong support” on the prevention and control of roadway rockburst with stress concentration, this paper puts forward the prevention and control method of roadway first pressure relief and then support with the emphasis upon increasing the plasticity and elastic range, facilitating the transferring of stress to depth and reducing stress concentration. The research achievements are used to analyze and evaluate the rockburst roadway in deep mining area, which shows the theoretical analysis results agree with the actual spontaneously rockburst characteristics. Meanwhile, it predictes and prevents rockburst in roadway re-excavation, and realizes the safe excavation of roadway.
作者
张明
涂敏
姜福兴
胡学龙
张向阳
岳勇
韩向云
朱斯陶
卜庆为
ZHANG Ming;TU Min;JIANG Fuxing;HU Xuelong;ZHANG Xiangyang;YUE Yong;HAN Xiangyun;ZHU Sitao;BU Qingwei(State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan.Anhui 232001,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;School of Mining Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Hualong Coal Mine,Northwest Branch of Huaibei Mining Co Ltd,Yan'an,Shaanxi 716002,China)
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期720-730,共11页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52104114,52074008,52074007)
中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目(SKLCRSM21KF007)
淮南市科技计划项目(2021A247)
深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室(安徽理工大学)自主研究课题(SKLMRDPC19ZZ03)。
关键词
深部巷道
支承应力转移
巷道承载强度/能力
自发型冲击
冲击地压防控
deep roadway
support stress transfer
surrounding rock bearing capacity of roadway
spontaneously rockburst
prevention and control of rockburst
