摘要
创新是城市发展的力量之源,低碳是城市发展的必由之路。将创新型城市试点作为一项准自然实验,利用2005—2018年全国275个城市面板数据,采用多期双重差分方法,评估创新型城市试点对降低碳强度的政策效应及作用机制。研究发现:第一,创新型城市试点政策能够在降低碳强度的基础上推动低碳经济发展,各类试点政策的推动效果依次为碳排放权交易政策>创新型城市政策>智慧城市政策>低碳城市政策>环境保护重点监控政策;第二,创新型城市试点政策可以通过规模经济效应、技术进步效应与结构转型效应3条路径助力低碳经济发展;第三,城市特质会影响创新型城市试点政策效应发挥,创新型城市试点政策对碳强度的抑制效果呈现由东到西递增的地理空间差序格局、由高到低递减的城市等级差序格局,在人口规模与抑制效果之间呈现倒U型作用,并且资源型城市的抑制效果显著大于非资源型城市。
Developing a low-carbon economy is an important embodiment of China's commitment to global environmental responsibility and a strategic move to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.At present,the increasing greenhouse gas emissions have become a major threat to the sustainable development of society.China has long been committed to promoting a low-carbon economy by reducing carbon emission intensity.As the spatial carrier of innovation activities and the gathering highland of innovation elements,cities are indispensable responsibility subjects and operators in the development of low-carbon economy.So,can urban innovation policies promote the development of low-carbon economy?At present,the academic circles mostly focus on the negative effect of low-carbon policy on technological innovation,and the existing research on low-carbon economy mostly is mainly from the perspective of R&D investment and the number of patents,and rarely explores the low-carbon economic effect of innovation policy with the participation of the government.In addition there is a lack of research on the path of innovation policies to promote the development of low-carbon economy.In order to accurately evaluate the impact of urban innovation on the development of low-carbon economy,this paper takes the innovative city pilot as a quasi-natural experiment,and uses the multi-stage double difference method to carry out the research through the panel data of 275 cities in China from 2005 to 2018.It is found that(1)innovative city policies can promote the development of low-carbon economy on the basis of reducing carbon intensity,and the supporting use of policies such as smart city pilot,low-carbon city pilot,carbon emission trading pilot and key environmental monitoring pilot can strengthen the promotion effect of innovative city municipal policies on the development of low-carbon economy.(2)Innovative city policy can help the development of low-carbon economy through three paths:economies of scale effect,technological progress effect and structural transformation effect.(3)Different urban characteristics will affect the policy effect of innovative cities.The inhibitory effect of innovative urban policies on carbon intensity shows a geospatial differential order pattern increasing from east to west and a urban hierarchical differential order pattern decreasing from high to low.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between population size and inhibitory effect,and the inhibitory effect of resource-based cities is better than that of non resource-based cities.From the perspective of carbon,this study first explores the possible contribution of government participation to urban development,including the marginal impact of carbon on economic development.Then in terms of research mechanism,this study examines the intermediary role of economic agglomeration,total factor productivity and industrial structure in urban innovation promoting the development of low-carbon economy from three perspectives:economies of scale effect,technological progress effect and structural transformation effect,and systematically clarifies the path of innovation policies affecting the development of low-carbon economy.Thirdly,in terms of research depth,this study not only examines the role of innovative urban policies in promoting the development of low-carbon economy,but also compares and analyzes the impact of a series of policy shocks on low-carbon economic development,such as low-carbon cities,civilized cities,smart cities,carbon emission trading pilot and key environmental monitoring.It also discusses the heterogeneity of urban characteristics from geographical location,population size,administrative level and resource endowment.The findings of this paper promote the deep integration of urban innovation and low-carbon economy,and improve the top-level design of innovative city pilot.The empirical results show that the innovative city policy helps to alleviate the carbon intensity.Therefore,governments at all levels need to make overall consideration in innovative city construction and give better play to the driving force of innovation for the development of low-carbon economy.Moreover technological progress promotes the upgrading of industrial structure,and economic agglomeration drives the intensification of economic development.Therefore,it is conducive to the development of low-carbon economy by improving the degree of economic agglomeration and the efficiency of all factor production and accelerating the upgrading of industrial structure.Last but not the least,it is particularly important to give play to the synergy of different policy tools and encourage the development of heterogeneous cities to adapt to local conditions.
作者
王雅莉
侯林岐
朱金鹤
Wang Yali;Hou Linqi;Zhu Jinhe(School of Economics and Management,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第18期39-49,共11页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(14BJY204)
教育部社科基金项目(21YJA790086)
兵团社科基金项目(19YB13)。
关键词
创新型城市试点
低碳经济发展
碳强度
双重差分模型
Innovative City Pilot
Low Carbon Economic Development
Carbon Intensity
Double Difference Model
