摘要
视觉信息是人类对周边环境进行感知的重要手段,光学成像和图像处理技术能大大扩展人类“视域”,使得人们获取图像的方式不局限于眼睛能见范围。散射效应导致光学成像装置的作用距离大幅下降,难以对远距离目标进行有效观测。人类对图像信息的感知,通常由对焦、校正和立体视觉形成,三个步骤互相耦合完成。其中,对焦和双目图像信息校正过程可以通过光学系统和数字图像处理的方法进行优化,提高强散射背景下的图像对比度,进而使得散射条件下的图像信息得以被感知和分析。然而,在目前技术条件下,机器立体视觉仍难以达到人类视觉水平,而人类视觉系统仍然是图像感知和分析的重要终端。可以预见,在低能见度条件下实现光学图像信息的精确获取与分析,仍需要实现人类视觉系统和机器的双重结合,发展包含人类视觉在内的立体视觉全局优化技术。主要介绍了在大气和水下浑浊条件下实现光学成像和实现图像融合的物理极限和关键影响因素,并展望人类的立体视觉在提高光学成像能力方面的作用。
Visual information is an important means for human beings to perceive the surrounding environment.With the great expansion of human“field of view”by optical imaging and image processing technology,the way people acquire images has broken through the limitations of the naked eye.The scattering effect leads to a significant decrease in the working distance of the optical imaging system,making it difficult to effectively observe long-range targets.Human perception of image information is usually completed by focusing,correction and stereoscopic view synthesis,which are coupled with each other.Among them,the processes of focusing and binocular image information correction can be optimized by means of optical systems and digital image processing.With the improvement of contrast under strong scattering background,the image information under scattering conditions can be perceived and analyzed.However,limited by current technology,the ability of machine stereoscopic vision is difficult to reach human level,resulting in the human visual system still being an important terminal for image perception and analysis.It is foreseeable that in order to achieve accurate acquisition and analysis of optical image information under low visibility conditions,it is still necessary to develop a global optimization technology for stereoscopic vision through the combination of human vision and machine.This study mainly introduces the physical limitations and key factors influencing the optical imaging and image fusion under turbid atmosphere or water,and presents an outlook on the role of human stereopsis in improving optical imaging capabilities.
作者
王婷
税渝阳
梁浩文
刘忆琨
周建英
Wang Ting;Shui Yuyang;Liang Haowen;Liu Yikun;Zhou Jianying(State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China;School of Physics and Astronomy,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)
出处
《红外与激光工程》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期144-154,共11页
Infrared and Laser Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(61991452,12074444)
广东省基础与应用基础研究重大专项(2020 B0301030009)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金会(2020 A1515011184)
广州市基础与应用基础研究基金会(202102020987)。
关键词
散射成像
图像融合
立体视觉
感知增强
scattering imaging
image fusion
stereoscopic vision
perceptual enhancement
