摘要
【目的】了解沙芥属植物花粉、果实及种子表面形态特征,为沙芥属植物进化和属内种的分类提供依据。【方法】采用日立S-530扫描电镜观测沙芥属花粉、果实及种子的形态特征,对观测结果进行分析。【结果】沙芥属植物花粉为小至中型,长球形,三萌发沟(P/E 1.23~1.43),网状雕纹,网眼深且大,网脊上有多个长方形孔洞,宽翅沙芥与沙芥、距果沙芥和斧翅沙芥相比萌发沟较短且浅,而且沟膜不明显;沙芥属果实属翅果,两侧具近等长翅,其中,斧翅沙芥、宽翅沙芥和距果沙芥两翅间夹角为平角,而沙芥为钝角。宽翅沙芥的翅最宽,斧翅沙芥的翅最长。沙芥属植物种皮为有光泽的黄褐色,种孔均不明显,种脐位于腹面的基部;距果沙芥种子为双凸面形状,种脊处无凹陷区别于其他种的肾形,种脊两侧均有明显的凹陷;宽翅沙芥种子表面饰纹为网状浅碟形,且网脊上有茸毛而区别于其他种的无规则网状。【结论】从沙芥属植物花粉和种皮微形态来看,属内有相似又存在一定种间特异性,支持宽翅沙芥为单独的种。
【Objective】Understanding the pollen,fruit,and seed surfaces morphological traits of Pugionium Gaertn. and provide basis for the evolutionary history and the classification of species within the Pugionium Gaertn. genus.【Methods】The morphological features of Pugionium Gaertn. pollen,fruit,and seeds were observed using a Hitachi S-530 scanning electron microscope,and the observation results were analyzed.【Results】The pollen of Pugionium Gaertn. was small to medium-sized,long spherical,with three germinating grooves(P/E 1.23-1.43),reticular carving,deep and large mesh,and numerous rectangular holes on the ridge. The germination groove of P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang was shorter and shallower than those of P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn.,P. calcaratum Kom.,and P. dolabratum Maxim.,and the groove film was not apparent. The fruit of Pugionium Gaertn. were samara with nearly equal wings on either side. Among them,P. dolabratum Maxim.,P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang and P. calcaratum Kom. had flat angles between the wings while P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn. had an obtuse angle between the wings. P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang had the widest wing,and P. dolabratum Maxim. had the longest wing. The seed coat of Pugionium Gaertn. was glossy yellowish brown with barely perceptible seed pores. The hilum was located at the base of the ventral surface. The seed of P. calcaratum Kom. was biconvex shape with no dip at the raphe,which was different from the kidney shape of other species,with obvious depression on both sides of the raphe P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang seeds had reticulated shallow dish-shaped surface with hairs on the murus, in contrast to other species ′ irregular mesh. 【 Conclusion 】 The pollen and seed coat micromorphology revealed that within the genus there were intraspecific similarities as well as interspecific distinctiveness,supporting the idea that P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang was a distinct species.
作者
秦鑫愿
常仲林
黄修梅
郝丽珍
付娜娜
张凤兰
QIN Xinyuan;CHANG Zhonglin;HUANG Xiumei;HAO Lizhen;FU Nana;ZHANG Fenglan(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wild Peculiar Vegetables Germplasm Resources and Germplasm Enhancement,Hohhot 010011,China;Otog Front Banner Bureau of Industry Information and Science and Technology,Aolezhaoqi 016200,China)
出处
《北方农业学报》
2022年第4期109-115,共7页
Journal of Northern Agriculture
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200200)
内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金项目(2021CG0023)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0084)
内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金(2019GC237)
中科院科技服务网络计划区域重点项目
内蒙古自治区留学回国人员科技活动项目(启动类)。
关键词
沙芥属
花粉
果实
种子
形态特征
Pugionium Gaertn.
Pollen
Fruit
Seed
Morphology
