摘要
为了探明胡麻田施用除草剂噻吩磺隆对后茬作物的安全性,以期为施用噻吩磺隆胡麻田后茬作物的合理布局提供依据。采用大区对比试验设计,设15%噻吩磺隆低剂量和高剂量两个施药处理和清水对照,研究对后茬作物玉米、春油菜、荞麦、大豆、向日葵、马铃薯出苗生长和产量的影响,结果表明,胡麻田喷施15%噻吩磺隆345 g/hm^(2)(低剂量),对玉米、大豆、向日葵、荞麦和马铃薯等5种后茬作物的出苗、株高、产量均无明显影响,相对出苗率均超过98.4%,株高抑制率为0.14%~1.41%,减产幅度在1.00%左右。喷施15%噻吩磺隆525 g/hm^(2)(高剂量),对上述5种后茬作物株高和产量的负面影响均有所增强,对玉米、大豆、向日葵和马铃薯出苗率无明显影响,相对出苗率均达96.6%以上;对荞麦出苗影响显著,相对出苗率为95.93%,株高抑制率为0.42%~6.74%。胡麻田喷施低剂量、高剂量噻吩磺隆对后茬玉米、大豆、向日葵、荞麦和马铃薯均安全,对春油菜具药害。结合作物的抗药性及对环境的适应性综合评判,在甘肃省陇东地区,施用噻吩磺隆的胡麻田后茬可安排种植玉米、大豆、向日葵和马铃薯,不宜种植荞麦和春油菜。
To explore the safety of thifensulfuron-methy application in flax fields on succeeding crops and to provide technical support for the arrangement of succeeding crops in flax fields after application of thifensulfuron-methy, a comparative experiment was conducted using 15% thifensulfuron-methy with different dosages as treatments and no chemical as control(water only) to study the effects of thifensulfuron-methy application on the growth and yields of succeeding crops i.e., maize, spring rape,buckwheat, soybean, sunflower, and potato. Results showed that 15% thifensulfuron-methy applied at low dosage of 345 g/ha showed no significantly negative effects on seedling emergence, plant height and yield of maize, soybean, sunflower, buckwheat and potato,relative seedling-emergence rates were all above 98.4%, inhibition rates of plant height were between 0.14% to 1.41%, and yield decreasing range was around 1.00%. 15% thifensulfuron-methy applied at high dosage of 525 g/ha showed enhanced negative effects on plant height and yield of the above 5 crops, but showed no significantly negative effects on seedling emergence of maize, soybean,sunflower and potato in which relative seedling-emergence rates were all above 96.6%, but significantly negative effect on seedling emergence of buckwheat was detected in which relative seedling-emergence rate was 95.93%, the inhibition rates of plant height were between 0.42% to 6.74%. Thifensulfuron-methy, applied in flax fields at both low dosage and high dosage, was safe to succeeding maize, soybean, sunflower, buckwheat, and potato, but showed phytotoxicity on spring rape. Comprehensive evaluation of adaptability of crops to environmental factors and herbicide resistance, maize, soybean, sunflower and potato could be arranged as the succeeding crops in flax field applied with thifensulfuron-methy in Longdong region of Gansu Province, whereas buckwheat and spring rape should not be considered as the succeeding crops.
作者
王玉灵
许维诚
胡冠芳
岳德成
牛树君
赵峰
付克和
WANG Yuling;XU Weicheng;HU Guanfang;YUE Decheng;NIU Shujun;ZHAO Feng;FU Kehe(Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Yuzhong Agricultural Technology Extension Centre,Yuzhong Gansu 730010,China;Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang Gansu 744000,China;Yuzhong Rural Economic Management Station,Yuzhong Gansu 730010,China)
出处
《甘肃农业科技》
2022年第9期68-72,共5页
Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-14-1-22)
甘肃省青年科技基金计划(21JRIRA358)
甘肃省农业科学院科技成果转化项目(2020GAAS-CGZH12)。
关键词
胡麻
噻吩磺隆
后茬作物
安全性
Flax
Thifensulfuron-methyl
Succeeding crop
Safety
