摘要
2018年9月—2020年8月在甘肃兴隆山国家级自然保护区布设60台红外相机开展调查,累积33521个相机工作日,获得独立有效照片7877张,共鉴定出野生动物60种,其中鸟类8目18科49种,兽类4目8科11种。新增保护区记录2种:栗背岩鹨Prunella immaculate和苍鹰Accipiter gentilis。国家重点保护野生动物13种,被IUCN濒危物种红色名录评估为濒危(EN)1种、易危(VU)1种、近危(NT)2种。相对多度指数(RAI)和网格占有率(GO)最高的鸟类是环颈雉Phasianus colchicus(RAI=24.88,GO=95.00%);RAI最高的兽类是马麝Moschus chysogaster(13.99)和亚洲狗獾Meles leucurus(13.99),GO最高的是亚洲狗獾(80.00%)和豹猫Prionailurus bengalensis(80.00%)。月相对多度指数显示物种在5月和9月活跃。物种多样性指数在灌丛(H=2.69)和中段海拔(2635~2835 m)最高(H=2.74)。红外相机还监测到较多的家畜活动(RAI=32.99,GO=67.00%)和人为活动(RAI=19.60,GO=73.00%),说明保护区仍然存在严重的人为干扰。本研究结果旨在为保护区野生动物的有效管理和长期监测提供数据支持。
To investigate the abundance and spatial distribution of mammals and birds in the Xinglong Mountains National Nature Reserve,60 infrared cameras were installed from September 2018 to August 2020.A total of 7877 independent images were collected with an extensive survey effort of 33521 camera-days.Sixty wild species,including 49 bird species belonging to 18 families and 8 orders,and 11 mammal species belonging to 8 families and 4 orders,were identified.Specifically,northern goshawk(Accipiter gentilis)and maroon-backed accentor(Prunella immaculate)are the new record of the reserve,and 3 species are classⅠand 11 species classⅡnationally key protected animals.One species is listed as Endangered,1 as Vulnerable,and 2 as Near Threatened by the IUCN Red List.The most abundant avian species was common pheasant(Phasianus colchicus,RAI=24.88),which had the largest grid occupancy(GO=95.00%).The most abundant mammal species were alpine musk deer(Moschus chysogaster,RAI=13.99)and Asian badger(Meles leucurus,RAI=13.99).The most grid occupancy mammal species were Asian badger(Meles leucurus,GO=80.00%)and leopard cat(Prionailurus bengalensis,GO=80.00%).Monthly relative abundance index showed that the species strongly varied by month,with more activity from May and September.The diversity index of mammals and birds were significantly abundant in the shrub habitat(H=2.69)as well as the mid-elevation gradients(2635-2835 m;H=2.74).In addition,the activities of livestock(RAI=32.99,GO=67.00%)and human(RAI=19.60,GO=73.00%)were also captured,indicating that there are still serious human disturbances in the reserve.Our results provide an important basis for long-term monitoring and promoting the conservation management in the reserve.
作者
毛锐锐
张德喜
孙章运
陈刘阳
张红勇
刘瑞
张立勋
MAO Ruirui;ZHANG Dexi;SUN Zhangyun;CHEN Liuyang;ZHANG Hongyong;LIU Rui;ZHANG Lixun(College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Management and Protection of Xinglong Mountains National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province,Yuzhong,Gansu Province 730117,China;Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystems Observation and Research Station,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《四川动物》
北大核心
2022年第5期583-594,共12页
Sichuan Journal of Zoology
基金
甘肃省科技厅创新基地和人才计划项目(18JRA009)
兰州市陆生野生脊椎动物调查项目。
关键词
兴隆山国家级自然保护区
红外相机
物种多样性
相对多度指数
空间分布
Xinglong Mountains National Nature Reserve
camera trap
species diversity
relative abundance index
spatial distribution
