摘要
城市公共空间中通达、便捷、安全的三维路径系统的设计是一个重要课题。在淮安井神盐化工业区更新改造的案例中,通过Java语言编程开发的面向多要素影响下的三维寻径算法模型被用来探索项目公共空间中的三维路径系统,得到的寻径结果数据被接入Grasshopper建模软件中进行方案的进一步深化设计,形成了从场地分析到路径系统探索到方案深化的“数字链”工作流程。在实际项目中完成的路径探索和应用,实现了数据驱动的分析与设计的良性互动,探索了城市公共空间路径设计的新思路和新方法。
Urban public spaces are an important element of the urban environment. With the increasing volume of business, landscape, and leisure activities, the spatial form and traffic flow of urban public spaces are becoming increasingly complicated. As such, it is essential to design an accessible,convenient, and safe path system for urban public spaces. Exploring the threedimensional path in urban public spaces is a multi-objective optimization which is difficult for artificial design methods to solve optimally. Many researchers have tried to introduce pathfinding algorithms to explore solutions. However,existing studies on path exploration only discuss the shortest path on a twodimensional plane and don’t provide a complete workflow in series connection with subsequent scheme design.In this study, a three-dimensional path system was explored using the case study of the reconstruction of the Jingshen Industrial Zone in Huan’an into a large urban industrial heritage park. The roaming paths at the site were generated based on pathfinding results provided by the algorithm. Based on the Java language, a pathfinding algorithm model of a three-dimensional path system in the urban public space oriented to multi-element influences was developed using the Dijkstra algorithm as the prototype. This model was connected with digital modeling tools to support the scheme design. A complete "digital chain" analysis-design combined workflow was formed.Firstly, the site conditions for path planning and design in the project were extracted. Influencing factors of path planning and design were analyzed and then translated into program language. A three-dimensional lattices pathfinding network was constructed. The "moving cost" of pathfinding points in the network reflects whether the three-dimensional path can pass through a point or the comprehensive moving cost of influencing factors when passing through a point. On this basis, the algorithm model was further optimized based on the codes of building design to produce three-dimensional paths that can meet spatial evaluation requirements and design codes. Finally,the spatial data of pathfinding results was input into Grasshopper modeling software and the details of the path system were generated automatically,forming a complete "digital chain" workflow from site analysis to path system exploration and to scheme deepening. Based on the above process, this study completed preliminary planning design of a three-dimensional cruising path system composed of ground driving lanes and landscape overbridges in the reconstruction project for Jingshen Industrial Zone in Huan’an. Designers created deep plans on this basis and completed the final scheme.In urban design, the quantification and calculation bases of path design are relatively clear, and the design objectives are supported by appropriate algorithms. Path exploration was completed using an appropriate programming algorithm. In this study, the algorithm tools corresponding to three-dimensional path exploration were developed to make path planning and design in urban public spaces independent from subjective judgment. In view of the design results, research methods in this study reached the expected objective of threedimensional path exploration in the urban public space. Since the algorithm operation is based on a specific pathfinding network, the path exploration results are not completely optimal and still have many problems before artificial adjustment, such as pixilation and multiple turns. This study proved the feasibility and effectiveness of digital technology throughout the whole process, from analysis to design. This approach can be applied to other complicated problems in urban design projects and form a connection between data-driven design and analysis.
作者
宋哲昊
唐芃
宋伟
龙灏
SONG Zhehao;TANG Peng;SONG Wei;LONG Hao
出处
《南方建筑》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期19-25,共7页
South Architecture
基金
山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室开放课题(LNTCCMA-20200102):基于分形理论的山地村落公共空间层级关系解析与更新设计方法
2021年江苏省研究生培养创新工程研究生实践创新计划资助项目(SJCX21_0024):基于三维寻径算法的城市公共空间路径系统生成研究。
关键词
城市设计
公共空间
三维路径探索
寻径算法模型
数字链
urban design
public space
three-dimensional path exploration
path-finding algorithm model
digital chain
