摘要
中华人民共和国成立初期,工人群体文化和技术能力水平的低下制约了工业发展及迅速实现工业化的愿景。20世纪50年代,中共中央、北京市政府通过多种动员模式在北京工人群体中开展扫盲识字教育,取得了十分重要的成就,对工业生产的发展和工业化进程起推动作用,并使识字扫盲与工业生产之间呈现双向互动的关系。然而,快速实现扫盲与完成工业化的愿景亦使20世纪50年代北京工人扫盲识字运动出现滑轨,实际成效与国家期望相比存在较大偏差。总之,北京工人扫盲成就与缺憾的真实图景,对社会发展产生了重要的影响。
In the early years of the People’s Republic of China,the low literacy and technical skills of the workers constrained the development of industry and the vision of rapid industrialization.In the 1950s,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Beijing Municipal Government launched literacy education among the workers through various modes of mobilization,which achieved very important results and contributed to the development of industrial production and the process of industrialization,and enabled a two-way interaction between literacy and industrial production.However,the vision of rapid literacy and industrialization made the literacy effect of Beijing workers deviate in the 1950s with a large discrepancy between the expectations of the country and the actual results.In a word,the real picture of Beijing workers’ literacy achievements and shortcomings has had an important impact on the whole society.
作者
雷永强
LEI Yongqiang(Department of History,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou 034000)
出处
《工会理论研究》
2022年第5期54-65,共12页
Labour Union Studies
关键词
北京工人
扫盲识字
工业生产
Beijing workers
literacy
industrial production
