摘要
向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)是世界四大油料作物之一,育种家们将提高向日葵产量作为主要育种目标。向日葵产量是受多因素影响的复杂性状,在本研究中通过在浙江省嘉兴市海宁市和浙江省湖州市2个不同环境下对2个向日葵品种‘浙葵1号’和‘龙葵杂10号’设计栽培密度试验,调查现蕾期、花期和成熟期向日葵的生物量和产量,探究环境、基因型、栽培密度及其交互作用对向日葵生物量和产量的影响。结果发现环境对向日葵生物量和产量性状均有显著影响。栽培密度试验显示在海宁试验基地2个向日葵品种的生物量在现蕾期及成熟期受栽培密度显著影响,在湖州试验基地仅‘龙葵杂10号’的生物量在花期存在显著差异。海宁基地‘浙葵1号’的90株产量在不同栽培密度下存在显著差异,除湖州基地的‘浙葵1号’,2个品种折合亩产在不同栽培密度下均存在显著性差异。同时对向日葵生物量和产量性状进行了相关性分析,结果显示3个生育时期下的部分生物量性状与产量性状显著相关,并且在现蕾期阶段生物量性状间的相关性最紧密,除9 cm2叶片鲜重外,其他生物量性状间均呈显著正相关。多因素方差分析结果显示环境、基因型、环境与基因型交互在现蕾期、花期以及成熟期均对生物量性状有显著影响,而栽培密度在现蕾期对4个生物量性状有显著影响,而在花期和成熟期只对侧茎鲜重有显著影响。在产量性状方面,环境、栽培密度以及环境与基因型交互、基因型与密度交互对其有显著影响。以上结果表明在实际生产中需要根据不同品种在不同环境下的发育表现,适当调整栽培密度以达到高产目的。
Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)is one of the four major oil crops in the world.Breeders always take improving sunflower yield as their main breeding target.Sunflower yield is a complex trait affected by multifactors.In this study,the cultivation density experiment was designed for two sunflower varieties‘Zhekui No.1’and‘Longkuiza No.10’in two environments to investigate the biomass and yield of sunflower in bud stage,flowering stage and mature stage,and explore the effects of environment,genotype,cultivation density and their interaction on sunflower biomass and yield.The results showed that the environment had significant effects on the biomass and yield traits of sunflower.The cultivation density experiment showed that the biomass of the two sunflower varieties in Haining experimental location was significantly affected by the cultivation density at the budding stage and mature stage.In Huzhou experimental location,only the biomass of‘Longkuiza No.10’was significantly different at the flowering stage.The yield of 90 plants of‘Zhekui No.1’in Haining has significant differences under different cultivation densities.Except‘Zhekui No.1’in Huzhou,the yield per mu of two sunflower varieties has significant differences under different cultivation densities.At the same time,the correlation analysis of sunflower biomass and yield traits was carried out.The results showed that some biomass traits were significantly correlated with yield traits in the three growth stages,and the correlation between biomass traits was the most closely in the budding stage.Except for the 9 cm2leaf fresh weight,there was a significant positive correlation between other biomass traits.The results of multi-factor analysis of variance showed that environment,genotype and the interaction between environment and genotype had significant effects on biomass traits at budding stage,flowering stage and mature stage,while cultivation density had significant effects on four biomass traits at budding stage,but only on the fresh weight of lateral stems at flowering stage and mature stage.In terms of yield traits,environment,cultivation density,interaction between environment and genotype,and interaction between genotype and density had significant effects.The above results show that in the actual production,it is necessary to adjust the appropriate cultivation density according to the development performance of different varieties in different environments in order to achieve the purpose of high yield.
作者
张慧
厉宝仙
李婧
王文军
田燕
孟思洁
陈珊宇
阮关海
Zhang Hui;Li Baoxian;Li Jing;Wang Wejun;Tian Yan;Meng Sijie;Chen Shanyu;Ruan Guanhai(Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou,310021;Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,310021;Economic Crop Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,150086)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第16期5520-5531,共12页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
浙江省三农六方科技协作计划(2019SNLF003)
十四五浙江省农业新品种选育重大专项-油料新品种选育课题(2021C02064-2-4)共同资助。
关键词
向日葵
生物量
产量
栽培密度
Sunflower
Biomass
Yield
Cultivation density
