摘要
本文基于将环境绩效纳入地方政府考核这一外生冲击,利用1998—2007年中国工业企业数据库数据和各省(市、区)“十一五”减排目标数据,运用双重差分法实证检验了地方政府环境目标约束对企业生产率的影响。研究结果表明:地方政府环境目标约束带来整体企业生产率的提高,但环境绩效考核政策的实施在企业间产生了非对称影响,污染企业生产率虽然得到提高,但相较于清洁企业生产率提高幅度较低;机制分析发现,环境目标约束会通过成本、技术创新、融资约束和资源配置影响企业生产率,进而导致环境规制生产率效应的差异性;进一步研究发现,不同污染企业在面临政府环境监管时有不同的应对能力,规模大、成立时间长、高效率的污染企业以及国有污染企业能够更好地抓住环境规制带来的机遇,加快技术改进与创新研发,提高企业生产率;同时晋升激励会促使地方官员加强环境规制,从而推动企业生产率提高。
Based on the inclusion of environmental performance into the performance assessment system for local governments,data of Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database from 1998 to 2007 and emission reduction targets of provincial regions in the 11th Five-Year Plan,we explore the impact of local governments'autonomous environmental target constraints on enterprise productivity by using the difference-in-differences method.The results show that after environmental performance is incorporated into the performance assessment system for local governments,local governments'active disclosure of environmental target constraints have brought about an increase in overall enterprise productivity.However,the implementation of environmental performance assessment policies has produced asymmetric effects among enterprises.Although the productivity of polluting enterprises has been improved,the increase rate is slightly lower than that of enterprises using the cleaner production method.Mechanism analysis infers that environmental target constraints will affect enterprise productivity through cost,technological innovation,financing constraints,and resource allocation,leading to differences in the productivity effects of environmental regulations.Further analysis reveals that different polluting enterprises have different response capabilities when facing governments'environmental supervision.Large-scale,long-established,high-efficiency and state-owned polluting enterprises are better able to seize the opportunities brought by environmental regulations to accelerate technological improvement and innovative research and development,and improve enterprise productivity.At the same time,promotion incentives will encourage local officials to strengthen environmental regulations,thus promoting the productivity of enterprises.
作者
王贤彬
许婷君
Wang Xianbin;Xu Tingjun(School of Economics,Jinan University)
出处
《经济科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期78-94,共17页
Economic Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“行政审批改革的经济增长效应研究:理论机制、实证识别与政策设计”(项目编号:71773038)和“中国政府创新目标规划的创新效应研究:理论机制、实证识别与政策设计”(项目编号:72273052)的阶段性成果。
关键词
环境目标约束
环境规制
企业生产率
environmental target constraints
environmental regulation
enterprise productivity
