摘要
目的了解新生儿重症监护室(NICU)压力性损伤的发生现状、分布特点及危险因素。方法选取2019年1—12月南阳市中心医院新生儿重症监护室收治的467例患儿,收集相关人口学资料、病情、压力性损伤发生部位及体征等,对影响患儿发生压力性损伤的相关危险因素进行logistic回归分析。结果在467例患儿中,有79例(93处)发生不同程度的压力性损伤,压力性损伤发生率为16.92%;其中62.37%(58处)的压力性损伤为医疗设备相关,83.87%(78处)损伤程度为1期损伤;压力性损伤高发部位为鼻部[20.43%(19/93)],其次为骶尾部[17.20%(16/93)]、面颊[11.83%(11/93)]、枕部[10.75%(10/93)]、口部[9.68%(9/93)]、足跟部[7.53%(7/93)]、耳后[6.45%(6/93)]。入住NICU时间≥7 d(OR=3.025,95%CI:1.178~7.729)、机械通气(OR=4.568,95%CI:2.110~9.848)、意识昏迷(OR=4.397,95%CI:1.860~10.351)、嗜睡(OR=5.447,95%CI:2.359~12.578)和病情危重(OR=3.142,95%CI:1.184~8.340)是NICU患儿发生压力性损伤的独立危险因素。结论新生儿重症监护室主要以医疗设备相关性压力性损伤为主,高危诱发因素是多方面的,主要与患儿病情、活动受限、医疗设备使用有关。
Objective To understand the occurrence,distribution characteristics and risk factors of neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)pressure injuries.Methods Total 467 children admitted to the NICU of Nanyang Central Hospital from January to December 2019 were selected.The relevant demographic data,condition,location and physical signs of pressure injury that affect the risk of pressure injury in children were collected.These factors were analysed by logistic regression.Results Amongst the 467 children,79 cases(93 places)had different degrees of stress injury,the incidence of stress injury was 16.92%.Among 93 places,62.37%(58 places)of the stress injuries were related to medical equipment and 83.87%(78 places)of the degree of damage was a phase 1 injury.The high-risk part of the stress injury was the nose[20.43%(19/93)]followed by the appendix[17.20%(16/93)],the cheek[11.83%(11/93)],the occipital[10.75%(10/93)],the mouth[9.68%(9/93)],the heel[7.53%(7/93)],and behind the ears[6.45%(6/93)].NICU stay≥7 days(OR=3.025,95%CI:1.178-7.729),mechanical ventilation(OR=4.568,95%CI:2.110-9.848),unconsciousness(OR=4.397,95%CI:1.860-10.351),somnolence(OR=5.447,95%CI:2.359-12.578)and critical illness(OR=3.142,95%CI:1.184-8.340)were independent risk factors for stress injury in children in the NICU.Conclusion NICU injuries are mainly medical equipment-related stress injuries.The high-risk predisposing factors vary and are related to the child's condition,restricted activities and use of medical equipment.
作者
冯哲
王洋
兰端云
易靖
鞠敏
FENG Zhe;WANG Yang;LAN Duan-yun;YI Jing;JU Min(Endocrine Department,Nanyang Central Hospital of Henan Province,Nanyang,Henan 473000,China;不详)
出处
《中华全科医学》
2022年第10期1708-1710,1714,共4页
Chinese Journal of General Practice
基金
河南省科技攻关项目(192103210073)
南阳市科技攻关项目(KJGG20134)。
