摘要
为解决青稞因生产环境限制,合理轮作无法推行,常年连作导致的粮草产量低而不稳的问题,以‘昆仑15号’‘柴青1号’和‘昆仑14号’3个青稞品种,‘草原23号’和‘草原24号’2个豌豆品种为供试材料,按照播量1∶1设置6个混作处理,探索不同处理下两物种的竞争与共存关系和粮草生产性能,筛选出种间相互促进且粮草生产性能优良的最优混作组合。再将筛选出的最优组合设置5个不同混作比例,筛选能稳定实现粮草双高,饲草优益的禾豆混作的比例。结果表明,‘昆仑15号’和‘草原23号’混作组合中两品种物候期相近,种间相互促进,粮草生产性能均显著高于其他混作组合;当混作比例为1∶9时最佳,粮、草产量同步提高,籽粒与秸秆产量均显著高于其他比例,且饲草营养品质显著优于单作,可最大程度地发挥禾豆混作、粮草双高的优越生产性能。研究结果可为优化青稞种植区耕作制度、提高作物粮草产量及饲用营养品质提供理论依据和技术支持。
The rational croprotation could not be practized because of the production environment limi-tation,in order to solve the problem of low and unstable grain and grass yield caused by perennial con-tinuous cropping of hulless barley,three barley varieties(‘Kunlun 15’‘Chaiqing 1'and'Kunlun 14')and two pea varieties('Caoyuan 23’and‘Caoyuan 24')were used as materials in this study,then six mixed crop treatments were set up at the sowing rate of 1:1 to explore the competition and coexis-tence between the two species and the performance of grain and grass production under different treat-ments.The optimal mixes with good grain and grass production performance and promoting each oth-er were screened out,then,five different mixed cropping ratios we set up to screen the best ratio of grass-bean mixed cropping that could achieve high grain and forage productivity.The results showed that‘Kunlun 15’and‘Caoyuan 23’mixed cropping combination had similar phenological periods and promoted each other,the grain and grass production performance was significantly higher than that of other mixed crop com binations.The best mixed crop ratio was 1:9,the grain and grass yield in-creased simultaneously.The seed and straw yields were significantly higher than that of other ratios,and the forage quality was significantly better than that of single cropping,which could maximize the superior production performance of mixed cropping of grain and bean and double high grain and grass.The results can provide a theoretical basis and technical support for optimizing the tillage system in hulless barley-growing areas and for improving grain and grass yield and forage nutritional quality of the crop..
作者
郭童鑫
姚有华
吴昆仑
姚晓华
白羿雄
安立昆
GUO Tongxin;YAO Youhua;WU Kunlun;YAO Xiaohua;BAI Yixiong;AN Likun(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry of Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding/Hulless Barley Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期1287-1301,共15页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1001700)
国家自然科学基金(32060447)。
关键词
青稞豌豆混作
种间竞争与共存关系
生产性能
饲草营养品质
Hulless barley and pea mixed cultivation
Interspecific competition and coexistence
Production performance
Forage nutritive quality
