摘要
《“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要》提出,探索建立技术移民制度,这为新阶段我国技术移民管理制度建设提出了新要求新方向。自国家移民管理局成立以来,我国技术移民管理工作的规范化、专业化和法治化水平不断提升,外籍专家永居人数和留学生回国人数大幅增长。但是与全球科技强国相比,我国技术移民规模差距依然较大,梳理分析美国、日本、法国和德国等科技强国技术移民的主要做法和经验,发现我国高技术移民制度和管理体系在法律法规、移民政策、管理服务体系和推动社会融入等多环节较为薄弱。进入新发展阶段,我国应重点实施五大改革举措,即完善法律制度体系建设,为技术移民管理工作提供有力支撑;优化组织结构和职能配置,为技术移民提供高质量服务;实施更加开放更加包容的移民政策,适应全球移民的新趋势;推进移民工作社会多元参与,实现技术移民供需精准对接;健全移民归化体制机制,推动技术移民社会融入。进而不断扩大海外高层次人才引进规模,加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地。
The"14th Five-Year Plan"proposes to explore the establishment of a technical migration system,which has put forward new requirements for the construction of China’s technical migration management system.Since the establishment of the National Immigration Administration,the level of standardization,professionalization and rule of law in the management of skilled migration in China has been continuously improved,and the number of permanent residents of foreign experts and the number of foreign students returning to China has increased significantly.However,compared with global science and technology powerhouses,the gap between the scale of skilled migration in China is still large.After analyzing the main practices and experiences of skilled migration in science and technology powerhouses such as the United States,Japan,France and Germany,it is found that the system and management system of highly skilled migration in China is weak in many aspects such as laws and regulations,migration policies,management service system and promotion of social integration.Entering the new development stage,China should focus on the implementation of five reform initiatives,namely,improve the construction of the legal system to provide strong support for the management of skilled migrants;optimize the organizational structure and functional configuration to provide high-quality services for skilled migrants;implement a more open and inclusive immigration policy to adapt to the new trend of global migration;promote the participation of social diversity in immigration work to achieve accurate matching of supply and demand for skilled migrants;improve the The system and mechanism of naturalization of immigrants to promote the social integration of skilled immigrants.In turn,we will continue to expand the scale of the introduction of high-level overseas talents and accelerate the construction of the world’s important talent center and innovation highland.
作者
李蔚
孙飞
Wei LI;Fei SUN(National Medical Products Administration Institute of Executive Development,Beijing 100073;Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources,Development Research Center of The State Council,Beijing 100010)
出处
《中国人力资源开发》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第10期99-110,共12页
Human Resources Development of China
关键词
技术移民
制度建设
国际经验
治理困境
实施路径
Skilled Migration
Institutional Development
International Experience
Governance Dilemma
Implementation Path
