摘要
缅甸罗兴亚人问题长期以来一直困扰着缅甸政府,并在东南亚地区带来了深远的区域危机以及源源不断的难民问题。本文以缅甸罗兴亚人问题为案例,从缅甸民族主义者、殖民主义与反殖民主义者多元叙事的历史视角剖析了罗兴亚人族群冲突的动因、过程和影响,并揭示出缅甸族群冲突如何在多方的互动博弈中从最初的群体裂痕一步步演变为族群矛盾,并最终加剧至极端的暴力冲突。若开的穆斯林学者强调“罗兴亚人”是一个历史悠久的民族,而缅甸民族主义学者则强调“罗兴亚人”的外来移民身份。这种两极化的论述导致原本已经复杂的族群问题更加复杂和难解。同时,由此引发的南亚与东南亚区域问题以及区域组织在应对中暴露出的以印度为首的南盟对缅甸地缘政治的考量以及东盟不干涉内政政策在危机解决方面的孱弱都值得关注。
The Rohingya issue has always represented a major problem for the Myanmar government and has further engulfed the Southeast Asia region in a crisis,generating tremendous challenges with respect to refugees.This article deconstructs the drivers,processes and impacts of the Rohingya conflict from the vantage point of historical narratives of Myanmar nationalism,colonialism and anti-colonialism.The article shows how ethnic conflict in Myanmar has shifted from initial rifts between ethnic groups to overt ethnic conflict,which ultimately escalated into extreme violence.On one hand,Muslim scholars in Rakhine State emphasize that the Rohingya are a nationalities group with a long history;on the other,Burman scholars emphasize the status of “Rohingya” as foreign migrants.These two contradicting discourses resulted in the already complex issue of disputed nationalities in Myanmar becoming intractable.At the same time,the regional problems caused for South and Southeast Asia,and the geo-political considerations of regional organizations such as the India-led SAARC,as well as the non-interference based,weak response of ASEAN are important to consider.
作者
严飞
沈旭涵
Yan Fei;Shen Xuhan
出处
《南亚研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期138-154,160,共18页
South Asian Studies
基金
国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项“东南亚地区罗兴亚人研究”(项目编号:19VJX047)的阶段性成果。
关键词
罗兴亚人
缅甸
族群冲突
民族
区域安全
Rohingya People
Myanmar
Ethnic Conflict
Nationality
Regional Security
