摘要
随着汽车产业和交通行业的快速发展,智能交通取得了长足进步,尤其是在自动驾驶领域。为研究手动驾驶、自适应巡航控制(adaptive cruise control,ACC)和协同自适应巡航控制(cooperative adaptive cruise control,CACC)三类车辆独立存在时的单车道交通流运行特性,基于元胞自动机Nasch规则,引入Gipps安全间距和速度,分别构建跟车模型,通过数值仿真试验,分析混入ACC和CACC车辆对道路通行能力、行驶速度、行车间距、交通拥堵等运行特性的影响。结果表明:随着ACC和CACC车辆渗透率的增加,道路通行能力和车辆行驶速度不断提高;当道路仅由数量相等的ACC和CACC车辆驾驶时,通行能力可提升2.2倍,拥堵指数可降低60%,显著改善了交通运行;引入ACC和CACC车辆增大了手动驾驶车辆行驶时的跟车间距,而ACC和CACC车辆仍能以较小的间距保持较高的速度跟随前车,提高了道路空间资源利用率。
With the rapid development of automobile and transportation industry,intelligent transportation has made great progress,especially in the field of automatic driving.In order to study the operation characteristics of single lane traffic flow when manual driving,adaptive cruise control(ACC)and cooperative adaptive cruise control(CACC)vehicles exist independently,Gipps safety distance and speed were introduced to build car-following models respectively,based on the Nasch rule of cellular automaton.Through numerical simulation experiments,the impact of mixing ACC and CACC vehicles on road capacity,driving speed,following space gap,traffic congestion and other operation characteristics were analyzed.The results show that the road capacity and vehicles speed improve continuously,with the increase of ACC and CACC vehicles penetration rates.When the traffic flow is composed of an equal number of ACC and CACC vehicles,the road capacity can be increased by 2.2 times,the congestion index can be reduced by 60%,and the traffic operation can be significantly improved.The introduction of ACC and CACC vehicles increases the following space gap when driving manually,while ACC and CACC vehicles can still follow the front vehicle at a high speed and with a small space gap,which improves the utilization of road space resources.
作者
石建军
谢君鸿
潘芋燕
李永行
SHI Jian-jun;XIE Jun-hong;PAN Yu-yan;LI Yong-xing(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2022年第28期12651-12658,共8页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1601300,2018YFB1600505)。
关键词
交通工程
自动驾驶
元胞自动机
混合交通流
安全间距
渗透率
traffic engineering
autonomous driving
cellular automaton
mixed traffic flow
safe distance
penetration rate
