摘要
为研究高温火焰除草技术在幼龄茶园中应用的可行性,丰富茶园生态控草技术措施,解决目前茶园杂草难防除等问题,设计制造一台手推式高温火焰除草装置,在幼龄茶园杂草发生盛期,试验验证不同时间、用气量对杂草的防除效果。结果表明,禾本科杂草与阔叶杂草对高温火焰的敏感性存在较大差异;高温火焰处理后15 d,对禾本科杂草的株防效为55.61%~68.82%,对阔叶杂草的株防效为72.88%~92.68%;处理后30 d,对禾本科杂草马唐、旱稗等的防除效果严重下降,但对阔叶杂草反枝苋、鸭跖草、春蓼、豨莶等依旧有较高防效,株防效为82.18%~95.07%,鲜重防效为84.18%~95.64%。高温火焰对阔叶杂草具有较好的防除效果,但由于试验时期为杂草发生盛期,且正值高温多雨季节,禾本科杂草恢复生长优势较快,对禾本科杂草的防除效果较差;对禾本科杂草的防除应在其耐受力较弱、生长点较少的苗期进行。该研究为高温火焰除草技术在茶园中的应用提供了理论支撑。
In this study,a hand push high-temperature flame weeding device was designed and manufactured to verify the control effect of different time and gas consumption on weeds in order to study the feasibility of applying,enrich the technical measures of ecological weed control and solve the problems of difficult weed control in young tea gardens.The results showed that there were significant differences in the sensitivity of broadleaf weeds and grass weeds to high-temperature flame.The control effect of grass weeds was 55.61%~68.82%,and 72.88%~92.68%of broadleaf weeds after 15 days of high-temperature flame treatment.After 30 days,the control effect on grass weeds common crabgrass and barnyard grass decreased seriously,but it still high on broadleaf weeds such as Amaranthus retroflexus,Commelina communis,Polygonum persicaria,Siegesbeckia orientalis,etc.The plant control effect of broadleaf weeds was 82.18%~95.07%,and 84.18%~95.64%of fresh weight.Because the experimental period is the peak period of weed occurrence and grass weeds recover and grow quickly in the high-temperature and rainy season,high-temperature flame has good control effect on broadleaf weeds and poor on grass weeds.Grass weeds should be controlled in the seedling stage with weak tolerance and few growth points.This study provides theoretical support for the application of high-temperature flame weeding technology in tea garden.
作者
何秀龙
冉海燕
兰献敏
陈仕红
叶照春
HE Xiu-long;RAN Hai-yan;LAN Xian-min;CHEN Shi-hong;YE Zhao-chun(Institute of Plant Protection,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China)
出处
《杂草学报》
2022年第2期60-65,共6页
Journal of Weed Science
基金
贵州省农业科学院青年基金(编号:黔农科院青年科技基金2021-01)。
关键词
茶园
杂草
高温火焰除草
防效
生态控草
tea garden
weed
high-temperature flame weeding
control effect
ecological weed control
