摘要
矮林栽培芳樟的香精香料原料林模式,一年砍伐一次或两年砍伐三次枝叶提取精油,会导致土壤肥力衰退,特别是氮、磷、钾等流失严重。为给芳樟矮林施肥提供技术支持,以4年生芳樟矮林为材料,研究复合肥施用量(0 g·株^(-1)、12.5 g·株^(-1)、25 g·株^(-1)、50 g·株^(-1)、100 g·株^(-1)、200 g·株^(-1))对芳樟矮林生长和得油率的影响。结果表明,施用复合肥对芳樟矮林萌条长度和粗度有显著促进作用,施用100 g·株^(-1)复合肥显著促进芳樟矮林萌条增长、增粗生长,而对芳樟矮林萌条数影响不明显。施用25~100 g·株^(-1)复合肥均能显著促进芳樟矮林单株鲜重、单株叶鲜重、单株小枝鲜重和单株主枝鲜重,其中施用100 g·株^(-1)复合肥对单株鲜重、单株叶鲜重、单株小枝鲜重和单株主枝鲜重效果最好。施用复合肥对芳樟矮林单株叶片、小枝得油率无显著影响,但主枝得油率随施用复合肥量的增加而升高。因此,施用复合肥是通过促进芳樟矮林生物量,从而促进单位面积精油产量,且复合肥最适施用量为100 g·株^(-1)。
Under the dwarf forest cultivation mode of Cinnamomum camphora,cutting down branches and leaves once a year or three times every two years to extract essential oil would lead to the decline of soil fertility,especially the serious loss of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium..In order to provide technical support for fertilization of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest,4-year-old Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest was used as material to study the effects of compound fertilizer application(0 g per plant,12.5 g per plant,25 g per plant,50 g per plant,100 g per plant,200 g per plant)on growth and oil yield of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest.The results showed that the application of compound fertilizer could significantly promote the length and diameter of sprouts in Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest.The application of 100 g per plant compound fertilizer had a significant effect on the length and diameter of sprouts,but had no effect on the sprouting number of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest.Applying 25-100 g per plant compound fertilizer could significantly promote the fresh weight of single plant,fresh weight of single leaf,fresh weight of single twig and fresh weight of single main branch of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest,among which application of 100 g per plant compound fertilizer had the best effect.The application of compound fertilizer had no significant effect on the oil yield of single leaf and twig of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest,but the oil yield of main branch increased with the increase of application amount of compound fertilizer.Therefore,the application of compound fertilizer can promote the yield of essential oil per unit area by promoting the biomass of Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest,and the optimal application amount of compound fertilizer is 100 g per plant.
作者
姜睿
彭艺
李凤
陈山
肖祖飞
JIANG Rui;PENG Yi;LI Feng;CHEN Shan;XIAO Zufei(Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed-breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)
出处
《四川林业科技》
2022年第5期92-97,共6页
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology
基金
江西省林业局林业科技创新专项(创新专项[2019]04号)
江西省林业局樟树研究专项(创新专项[2020]07)
江西省科学技术厅重点研发计划项目(20192BBFL60012)
江西省科学技术厅重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W016)。
关键词
芳樟矮林
复合肥
生物量
得油率
Cinnamomum camphora dwarf forest
Compound fertilizer
Biomass
Oil yield
