摘要
高性能纤维增强基复合材料在使用时要承受高温强压环境,对纤维材料常规力学性能测试方法、单一评价指标等表征体系不能反映高性能纤维的真实力学性质及使用性能。为优化高性能纤维拉伸力学性能表征方法,更好地体现纤维加工和使用特性,以4种国产和进口高性能纤维为原料,进行100℃、300℃、500℃温度梯度处理,测试并分析单纤、束纤维的拉伸力学特性,并提出相应指标,给出完善高性能纤维拉伸特性的表征及测试方法的建议。结果表明:除常规条件下的拉伸强度指标外,芳纶纤维增加300℃处理后的拉伸性能测试,碳纤维增加500℃处理后的拉伸性能测试,并引入强度损失率指标,能更好地反映温度对纤维的损伤程度;束纤维在夹持隔距100 mm、拉伸速度50 mm/min条件下可较好地完成拉伸性能测试,其强度损失规律与单纤维相似。
High performance fiber reinforced matrix composites must withstand high temperature and pressure environment when used.The conventional mechanical property test methods and single evaluation index of fiber substrate can not reflect the real mechanical properties and service properties of high-performance fibers.In order to optimize the characterization method of tensile mechanical properties of high-performance fibers and reflect the characteristics of fiber processing and use,four kinds of domestic and imported high-performance fibers are used as raw materials for temperature gradient treatment at 100℃,300℃and 500℃.The tensile mechanical properties of single fiber and bundle fibers are tested and analyzed,and new indexes reflecting their service characteristics are put forward and established,so as to put forward suggestions for improving the characterization and test methods of tensile properties of high-performance fibers.The results show that in addition to the tensile strength index under conventional conditions,the tensile test of aramid fiber after treatment at 300℃and carbon fiber after treatment at 500℃can better reflect the damage degree of temperature to the fiber;when the clamping spacing of bundle fiber tensile test is 100 mm and the tensile speed is 50 mm/min,the test can be completed better,and its strength loss law is similar to that of single fiber.
作者
盛翠红
张一心
李媛
张鹏飞
SHENG Cuihong;ZHANG Yixin;LI Yuan;ZHANG Pengfei(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)
出处
《纺织高校基础科学学报》
CAS
2022年第3期28-36,共9页
Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities
基金
陕西省重点研发计划-重点产业创新链(群)项目(2020ZDLGY13-08)。
关键词
碳纤维
芳纶纤维
力学性能
高温处理
拉伸隔距
拉伸速度
carbon fiber
aramid fiber
mechanical properties
high temperature treatment
tensile spacing
tensile speed
