摘要
为探讨生物炭与氮肥配施对镉(Cd)安全利用类石灰土辣椒吸收累积Cd的影响,给辣椒专用炭基肥的开发提供科学依据,采用盆栽试验,研究了180、270、360、450 mg/kg(以B_(1)、B_(1.5)、B_(2)、B_(2.5)表示)4个用量生物炭配施180 mg/kg酰胺态氮、铵态氮与硝态氮(以UN、AN、NN表示)3种形态氮肥对辣椒果实产量、根际土pH值与有效Cd含量及辣椒吸收累积Cd的影响。结果表明,氮肥形态对根际土pH值与有效Cd含量均有极显著影响,UNB_(2)处理根际土pH值最高,有效Cd含量最低。NNB_(2.5)处理辣椒果实、叶、茎与根干质量均最大,其果实干质量为37.68 g/盆。UNB_(2)处理果实干质量为34.65 g/盆,与NNB_(2.5)处理差异不显著。UNB_(2)处理果实、茎与叶Cd含量均最低,其果实Cd含量为0.032 mg/kg,低于《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762—2017)限量标准(<0.05 mg/kg)。不同部位向果实Cd转运系数表现为TF_(果/茎)>TF_(果/叶)>TF_(果/根)。果实Cd含量影响因素相关性分析结果表明,辣椒果实Cd含量主要来自地上部营养器官(茎、叶)的再分配。辣椒Cd在根中的累积分配最多。综上,推荐UNB_(2)作为实现Cd安全利用类石灰土辣椒安全生产的辣椒专用炭基肥配方。
In order to explore the effect of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the uptake and accumulation of cadmium(Cd)by pepper in calcareous soil,and to provide scientific basis for the development of special carbon based fertilizer for pepper,pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of four amounts of biochar(180,270,360,450 mg/kg,expressed as B_(1),B_(1.5),B_(2),B_(2.5))combined with 180 mg/kg nitrogen fertilizer of three forms(amide nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,expressed as UN,AN and NN)on pepper fruit yield,rhizosphere soil pH and available Cd content,as well as pepper’s absorption and accumulation of Cd.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer form had a very significant effect on pH value and available Cd content of rhizosphere soil,the pH value of rhizosphere soil treated with UNB_(2)was the highest and the available Cd content was the lowest.The dry weight of fruit,leaf,stem and root in NNB_(2.5)treatment was the highest,and the dry weight of fruit was37.68 g/pot.The fruit dry weight of UNB_(2)treatment was 34.65 g/pot,which was not significantly different from that of NNB_(2.5)treatment.The content of Cd in fruit,stem and leaf of UNB_(2)treatment was the lowest,and the content of Cd in fruit was 0.032 mg/kg,which was lower than the limit standard(<0.05 mg/kg)in National Food Safety Standard for Contaminants in Foods(GB 2762—2017).The transfer coefficient of Cd from different parts to fruit was TF_(fruit/stem)>TF_(fruit/leaf)>TF_(fruit/root).The correlation analysis of Cd content in fruit showed that Cd content in pepper fruit mainly came from the redistribution of shoot vegetative organs(stem and leaf).The cumulative distribution of Cd in root of pepper was the largest.In conclusion,UNB_(2)was preferentially recommended as the formula of special carbon-based fertilizer for pepper to achieve the safe production of pepper in calcareous soil with Cd.
作者
柴冠群
刘桂华
罗沐欣键
王丽
秦松
范成五
CHAI Guanqun;LIU Guihua;LUO Muxinjian;WANG Li;QIN Song;FAN Chengwu(institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2022年第9期68-78,共11页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2338)。
关键词
生物炭
氮肥形态
辣椒
镉
吸收转运
Biochar
Nitrogen fertilizer form
Pepper
Cd
Absorption and transport
