摘要
Mg_(2)Si相增强镁基材料具备低密度、高强度、高热稳定性、高耐磨性等优点,在航空航天、轨道交通等领域具备极大应用前景。研究表明,常规制备条件下Mg_(2)Si相组织粗大,有尖锐棱角,在受力过程中容易成为裂纹源而降低镁基材料的强韧性,因此需调控Mg_(2)Si相尺寸及分布。近年来,多种Mg_(2)Si相调控技术不断应用于镁基材料体系。在传统铸造方面主要通过变质处理或熔体处理调控Mg_(2)Si相形貌及尺寸,调控后初生Mg_(2)Si相由粗大枝晶状、鱼骨状转变为多面体状或颗粒状,共晶Mg_(2)Si相则由汉字状转变为细纤维状或短棒状,相尺寸也从数百微米被细化到数十微米。调控后的Mg_(2)Si相分布更加均匀,材料的强韧性也得到改善。此外,还可通过大塑性变形、快速凝固、粉末冶金等先进技术调控得到纳米级均匀弥散分布的Mg_(2)Si相增强镁基材料,材料性能也得到进一步提升。本文综述了Mg_(2)Si相形貌及分布、常规铸造过程的变质处理和熔体处理以及新兴的先进调控技术对Mg_(2)Si相增强镁基材料组织与性能影响的研究现状,还分析了不同调控技术的优势与不足,并对Mg_(2)Si相增强镁基材料未来的发展进行了展望。
Magnesium-based materials with in-situ Mg_(2)Si reinforced phase have attracted much attention due to their low density,high strength,superior thermal stability and excellent wear resistance,which have widely used in aerospace,rail transportation and other fields.Conventional Mg_(2)Si phase behaves quite coarse with sharp edges and corners,and it prefers to become the crack source during the processing,which significantly damages its strength and toughness.Therefore,it is highly required to regulate the size and distribution of the Mg_(2)Si phase to improve the mechanical properties.Recently,various Mg_(2)Si phase regulation technologies have been developed.In traditional casting,the morphology and size of Mg_(2)Si phase are mainly controlled by modification treatment or melt treatment.The morphology of the primary Mg_(2)Si phases was changed from the coarse dendrite and fishbone shape to polyhedral or granular shape through the regulation treatment,and that of the eutectic Mg_(2)Si phases was transformed from character shape to fine fibers or short rods.Simultaneously,the phase was refined from hundreds of micrometers to tens of micrometers.The distribution of the regulated Mg_(2)Si phases became more uniform,and the strength and toughness of the material were also improved.Additionally,nanoscale Mg_(2)Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials with uniform dispersion and distribution can be obtained through the advanced technologies,such as sever plastic deformation,rapid solidification and powder metallurgy,with the mechanical properties significantly improved.This paper reviews the researches about the Mg_(2)Si phase morphology and distribution,modification treatment and melt treatment in conventional cas-ting process,and summarizes the influence of the advanced regulation technologies on the microstructure and properties of Mg_(2)Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials.The advantages and disadvantages of different regulation technologies are also analyzed.And the future development of Mg_(2)Si phase reinforced magnesium-based materials is prospected.
作者
康靓
王堃
敬学锐
王煜烨
王世伟
孙鑫
肖旅
周海涛
KANG Jing;WANG Kun;JING Xuerui;WANG Yuye;WANG Shiwei;SUN Xin;XIAO Lyu;ZHOU Haitao(Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute,Shanghai 201600,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials,Shanghai 201600,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第22期92-98,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(U2037601)。
关键词
Mg_(2)Si相
镁基材料
调控
变质处理
熔体处理
先进调控技术
Mg_(2)Si phase
magnesium-based material
regulation
modification treatment
melt treatment
advanced regulation technology
