摘要
潮汐能是一种可再生、绿色无污染且蕴藏量巨大的可再生新能源,潮汐能资源分布特征的研究对于我国潮汐能的开发利用具有十分重要的现实意义。当前潮汐能资源的调查较多为对离散点资源的分析统计,缺少对潮汐能资源进行连续全海域的计算研究,为了了解全海域资源的分布,本研究建立了东中国海潮波运动数值模型,数模结果与各沿岸测站以及前人基于实测数据给出的同潮图均吻合较好。在此基础上结合数值模拟结果和近年发布的国家标准评估了东中国海潮汐能资源技术可开发等级、潮汐能理论平均功率和年蕴藏量等的空间分布规律。结果表明受月球轨道变化的影响,各验潮站年平均潮差变化周期(约19年)和相位均相等而变幅则各不相同;东中国海大部分海域平均潮差较小,为潮汐能资源贫乏区,但朝鲜半岛西岸、杭州湾和台湾海峡等小部分海域平均潮差达4.5 m以上,为潮汐能资源丰富区或较丰富区,其潮汐能理论平均功率和年蕴藏量可达2×10^(3)kW/km^(2)和2×10^(8)kWh(/a·km^(2))以上;浙江福建和苏北沿海较大部分海域平均潮差达3.0~4.0 m左右,主要为潮汐能资源可利用区,潮汐能理论平均功率和年蕴藏量在1.3×10^(3)kW/km^(2)和1.3×10^(8)kWh(/a·km^(2))左右;与平均潮差相比潮汐能年蕴藏量和理论平均功率在不同海域间空间分布更不均匀。
Tidal energy is a renewable and pollution-free energy with huge reserves.The research on the distribution characteristics of tidal energy resources is of great practical significance for the development and utilization of the tidal energy in China.At present,the investiga⁃tion of tidal energy resources is mostly the analysis and statistics of discrete point resources,and there is a lack of continuous calculation of and research on the tidal energy resources in the whole sea area.In order to understand the distribution of resources in the whole sea area,a numerical model of the tidal wave motion in the East China Sea is established.The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the coastal stations and the co tidal map given by predecessors based on measured data.On this basis,combined with the numerical simula⁃tion results and the national standards issued in recent years,the spatial distribution laws of the technical exploitable level,theoretical aver⁃age power and annual reserves of tidal energy resources in the East China Sea are evaluated.The results show that due to the change of lunar orbit,the annual average tidal range variation period(about 19 years)and phases are equal,but amplitude is different.Most sea areas in the East China Sea have a small average tidal range and are poor in tidal energy resources,but a small number of sea areas such as the West Bank of the Korean Peninsula,Hangzhou Bay and Taiwan Strait have an average tidal range of more than 4.5 m.They are rich or relatively rich in tidal energy resources,and their theoretical average power and annual potential tidal power reserves can above 2×10^(3)kW/km^(2)and 2×10^(8)kWh(/a·km^(2)).The average tidal range in most coastal areas of Zhejiang,Fujian and Northern Jiangsu is around 3.0~4.0 m,which is mainly the available area of tidal energy resources.The theoretical average power and annual potential tidal power reserves are about 1.3×10^(3)kW/km^(2)and 1.3×10^(8)kWh(/a·km^(2)).Compared with the average tidal range,the spatial distribution of annual potential tidal power reserves and theoretical average power in different sea areas is more uneven.
作者
顾振华
顾晨
姚鹏程
GU Zhen-hua;GU Chen;YAO Peng-cheng(Shanghai Investigation,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200434,China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2022年第11期165-171,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目资助(202003093)。
关键词
数值模拟
东中国海
平均潮差
潮汐能
年蕴藏量
numerical simulation
East China Sea
mean tidal range
tidal energy
annual tidal power reserves
