摘要
如何管控包括生态保护红线等国土重要生态空间中的存量建设用地和耕地,是目前业界争论的焦点问题,而是否该退出、怎么退出、有何影响,则是值得学界重点探讨的科学问题。以昆山市为例,基于“生态系统服务重要性-生态敏感性-景观连通性”框架识别其国土重要生态空间,在分析重要生态空间与其现存建设用地、耕地的冲突特征及影响因素基础上,多情景模拟并评估重要生态空间中耕地和建设用地不同退出方式下的区域生态系统服务响应特征。研究表明:(1)占全域不足1/4的重要生态空间中,现存耕地和建设用地主要分布在水域周边,且以耕地占用冲突为主。(2)重要生态空间中耕地和建设用地退出方式不同会导致不同的生态系统服务响应特征,整体上生态保护情景能够有效地缓解服务间的权衡关系,但过度生态保护并不是最合适的;需权衡好不同国家既有政策之间关系,在保护中要避免“一刀切”问题。此外,研究尝试探讨了重要生态空间中现存用地斑块退出的生态系统服务响应研究的方法和思路,未来还可就围绕退出斑块的面积阈值、空间配置特征及其生态系统服务响应规律展开深化研究。
How to manage and control the existing construction land and cultivated land in the important ecological space, especially in the ecological conservation redline, is the focus of the current decision-making debate. Whether to withdraw, how to withdraw, and what impact it has are scientific issues worthy of academic discussion. This paper identified the important ecological space of Kunshan based on the framework of ecosystem service importance-ecological sensitivity-landscape connectivity, and analyzed the conflict characteristics and influencing factors between the important ecological space and its existing construction land and cultivated land. Moreover, the multi-scenario simulation was conducted to evaluate the response characteristics of regional ecosystem services under different withdrawal modes of the existing cultivated land and construction land in the important ecological space. The results showed that:(1) The importance of ecological space in Kunshan is distributed in a circle, gradually increasing from the center to the periphery. In the important ecological space accounting for less than a quarter of the entire region, the existing cultivated land and construction land are mainly distributed around the water area, and the conflicts with cultivated land are the main ones, accounting for 75.07% of all the conflict areas. The intensity of conflicts between the important ecological space and other land is significantly negatively correlated with the distance from major rivers.(2) Different withdrawal modes of existing cultivated land and construction land in the important ecological space will lead to different response characteristics of ecosystem services. Overall, ecological protection scenarios can effectively alleviate the trade-off relationship between different ecosystem services, but excessively ecological protection is not the most appropriate. Under the requirements of regional high-quality development, nation land spatial planning must pay attention to ecological protection, and the relationship of the existing different policies should be well balanced and the problem of “one size fits all” should be avoided in ecological protection. In addition, we attempted to explore the methods and ideas for the ecosystem services response characteristics to the different withdrawal modes of existing land patches in the important ecological space. Further studies on the area threshold, spatial configuration characteristics, and the ecosystem services response law of exit land patches can be carried out in the future. In-depth study of the response of the exit characteristics of existing construction land and cultivated land in the important ecological space has important theoretical and practical value for guiding land spatial planning and management.
作者
陶芹
吴业
陶宇
陈公太
欧维新
TAO Qin;WU Ye;TAO Yu;CHEN Gongtai;OU Weixin(College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing210095,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography&Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing210008,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources use and Consolidation,Nanjing210095,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第21期8690-8701,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目
太湖流域景观格局变化的水生态服务响应机制及调控研究项目(41971230)
中国科学院“美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程”专项(XDA23020201)
中央高校基本科研业务费青年项目(KJQN201847)。
关键词
国土重要生态空间
耕地与建设用地退出
情景模拟
生态系统服务响应
昆山市
important ecological space
withdrawal of construction and cultivated land
scenario simulation
ecosystem service response
Kunshan
