摘要
为评价不同冬耕模式在红壤坡耕地的适宜性,研究了连年冬耕(CK)、隔年冬耕(T1)及不冬耕(T2)等3种冬耕模式对土壤理化性质、花生产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,T2处理或T1处理冬耕间隔期显著增加了花生播种旋耕前0~20 cm土层土壤容重(P<0.05),并显著降低了0~20 cm土层土壤水分含量(P<0.05);(2)与CK相比,T1处理对0~20 cm土层土壤养分的影响较小,仅显著降低了10~20 cm土层土壤速效钾含量(P<0.05),而T2处理则显著降低了10~20 cm土层土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾含量(P<0.05);(3)不同冬耕模式通过影响花生播种旋耕前0~20 cm土层土壤容重和水分含量可影响花生出苗率和产量,不同冬耕模式通过增加或降低10~20 cm土层速效钾含量也会造成花生增产或减产;(4)不同冬耕模式3年(2018~2020年)经济效益以CK最高,T1处理降低6.90%,T2处理经济效益降幅较大为43.5%。从维持红壤坡耕地土壤质量和经济效益角度考虑,连年冬耕是红壤坡耕地优良的冬耕模式,部分红壤坡耕地可适当进行冬季轮耕。
In order to evaluate the suitability of different winter ploughing models in sloping farmland of red soil,the winter ploughing models experiment was set up,which included three treatments:continuous ploughing(CK),alternate winter ploughing(T1)and no winter ploughing(T2).The effects of different winter ploughing models on soil physicochemical properties,peanut yield and economic benefits were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)No ploughing in winter significantly increased the soil bulk density and reduced the soil water content at 0~20 cm soil layer before peanut sowing compared with CK(P<0.05);(2)T1 treatment had little effect on soil nutrients at 0~20 cm soil layer,only significantly reduced the content of available potassium in 10~20 cm soil layer(P<0.05),while T2 treatment significantly reduced the content of soil organic matter,alkaline-hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium at 10~20 cm soil layer compared with CK(P<0.05);(3)Different winter ploughing models could affect peanut seedling emergence rate and peanut yield by affecting soil bulk density and water content of 0~20 cm soil layer before peanut sowing,and different winter ploughing models could also increase or decrease the yield of peanut by increasing or decreasing the content of available potassium at 10~20 cm soil layer;(4)In the three years(2018~2020)of different winter tillage modes,CK had the highest economic benefit,with a decrease of 6.90%in T1 treatment and 43.5%in T2 treatment.From the perspective of maintaining the soil quality and economic benefits in sloping farmland of red soil,continuous winter ploughing is an excellent winter ploughing mode for sloping farmland of red soil,while rotated tillage in winter could be adopted in some sloping farmland of red soil.
作者
黄尚书
何绍浪
王斌强
王馨悦
周琦娜
钟义军
HUANG Shangshu;HE Shaolang;WANG Binqiang;WANG Xinyue;ZHOU Qina;ZHONG Yijun(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Nanchang 331717,China;College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)
出处
《土壤与作物》
2022年第4期398-405,共8页
Soils and Crops
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20181BBF68009,20203BBFL63068)
国家重点研发计划课题(2021YDF1901201).
关键词
冬耕模式
红壤坡耕地
土壤理化性质
花生产量
经济效益
winter ploughing models
red soil sloping farmland
soil physical and chemical properties
peanut yield
economic benefits
