摘要
选取厨师创意群体为研究对象,通过对历年《国家名厨》入选厨师流动轨迹数据的收集,借助空间分析和网络分析等方法探究厨师创意群体的空间分布和流动网络特征,在此基础上采用岭回归分析方法揭示影响名厨在中国不同城市流动的主要因素。结果表明:1)中国名厨的出生地和现居地呈现差异化分布特征,不同菜系名厨均在菜系发源地周边形成一定的地域集聚,但部分菜系名厨呈现全国扩散趋势,反映地缘文化和市场因素的共同作用。2)名厨流动网络空间不均衡性明显,并且不同阶段的流动网络存在一定差异,欠发达地区人才流失现象突出,核心名厨群体表现出更高的地方“嵌入性”。3)建立在“学徒制”之上的社会关系网络是影响名厨空间流动的最核心要素,其次是城市餐饮业、服务业和总体经济发展水平,而基础设施和文化娱乐设施等因素影响并不明显,反映厨师群体特殊的社会网络结构、工作性质和文化水平特征。
With the upgrading of the economic structure, the rapid development of cultural and creative industries characterized by knowledge and creativity has become an important driving force for regional economic growth and urban restructuring. Against this background, the geographic distribution of creative talent and its influencing factors have become key research topics in geography and other related disciplines. Research on the geographies of creative talent tend to focus on newly emerged economic sectors, such as movies, music, and design, whereas much less attention is paid to creative talent in traditional industries. This study explores the spatial distribution and mobility of Chinese celebrity chefs, a creative group in the traditional catering industry, to advance geographical research on creative talent. This study collects and analyzes the trajectory data of the chefs selected from the "National Famous Chefs" document, by drawing on the method of spatial analysis and social network analysis. Ridge regression analysis further reveals the key factors that shape the mobility of celebrity chefs across different cities in China. The results show that:(1) the distribution of birthplaces and current residences of Chinese celebrity chefs show a certain degree of disparity, with the former being widely distributed and relatively concentrated in underdeveloped cities, while the latter are highly concentrated in economically advanced coastal cities and core cities in the central and western regions. Both the birthplaces and the current residences of the celebrity chefs of different cuisines display a certain degree of agglomeration around the original places of these cuisines. However, some cuisines, such as Cantonese and Sichuan, show a trend of spatial diffusion in terms of the distribution of celebrity chefs, reflecting the impacts of both geocultural and market factors.(2) The spatial distribution of celebrity chefs’ mobile network is characterized by a high level of imbalance, and certain differences exist among the mobile networks of celebrity chefs at the different stages of career lifecycles. In general, small-and medium-sized cities in economically underdeveloped areas experience an outflow of celebrity chefs, and the core group of celebrity chefs shows a higher level of local "embeddedness". Compared to other types of urban networks, the inter-city mobile network of celebrity chefs presents a certain degree of particularity.(3) The social network based on the trainer-student relationship is the most important factor shaping the mobility of Chinese celebrity chefs, followed by the development of the cities’ catering industry, service sector, and overall economic level. In contrast, urban amenity factors, such as infrastructure and cultural and entertainment facilities,do not have a significant impact on the mobility of celebrity chefs. The underlying mechanism of spatial mobility of celebrity chefs reflects the special social network structure, nature of work, and cultural background of this creative group.
作者
张雅宁
张旭
Zhang Yaning;Zhang Xu(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《热带地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期1890-1903,共14页
Tropical Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金(41601163)。
