摘要
目的:评价玛咖保肝通便以及对肠道菌群的调节作用,进一步挖掘玛咖的药用价值,为玛咖应用提供参考。方法:采用酒精性肝损伤(ALD)小鼠模型,测定肝功能、炎症介质及脂质过氧化指标,评价玛咖水提液的保肝作用;采用小鼠小肠蠕动抑制模型,测定墨汁推进率、小鼠血清中胃动素(MTL)和环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的水平,评价玛咖水提液的通便作用;通过16S rDNA技术测定盲肠内容物的肠道菌群,对所得到数据进行生物信息学分析,评价玛咖水提液对肠道菌群的调节作用。结果:ALD小鼠模型中,与模型组比较,中剂量组小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)的活力明显下降(P<0.05),低剂量组小鼠血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活力明显下降(P<0.05),高剂量、低剂量能明显降低小鼠肝组织中炎症介质单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),高剂量、中剂量能明显抑制小鼠血清中炎症介质肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),高剂量、中剂量、低剂量能明显升高小鼠肝脏组织中谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);小鼠小肠蠕动抑制模型中,与模型组比较,玛咖水提液高剂量能明显增加小鼠小肠推进率(P<0.01或P<0.05),中剂量组能明显增加小鼠血清中MTL的含量(P<0.05),高剂量、中剂量组能降低cGMP水平。玛咖调节肠道菌群的研究显示,与空白组比较,在门水平上,玛咖水提液高剂量、中剂量、低剂量可减少厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的丰度;高剂量、低剂量可增加拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的丰度。在属水平上,玛咖水提液中剂量增加了乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的丰度;中、低剂量增加了拟普雷沃菌属(Alloprevotella)的丰度,且高剂量、中剂量、低剂量剂量肠道微生物群落有显著性差异。代谢功能预测结果显示,与空白组比较,玛咖水提液高剂量、低剂量组RNA加工和修饰、细胞运动、细胞外结构、细胞骨架项降低,其他代谢功能升高;玛咖水提液中剂量组细胞运动、细胞骨架项降低,其他代谢功能升高。结论:玛咖水提液具有保肝、通便、调节肠道菌群的作用。
Objective:To evaluate the effects of Maca in protecting the liver,promoting defecation,and regulating intestinal flora to further explore the medicinal value of Maca and provide references for Maca application.Methods:The liver function,inflammatory mediators,and lipid peroxidation indexes were measured to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Maca aqueous extract in the alcoholic liver disease(ALD)mouse model.A mouse model of small intestinal peristalsis inhibition was used to evaluate the promoting effect on defecation of Maca water extract by measuring the ink propulsion rate,serum motilin(MTL)and cGMP levels.The intestinal flora of cecal contents was determined by 16 S rDNA technology,and the obtained data were analyzed by bioinformatics to evaluate the regulatory effect of Maca water extract on intestinal flora.Results:In the ALD mouse model,compared with the model group,the medium-dose group showed blunted activity of GPT and GOT in the serum(P<0.05);the low-dose group showed reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in the serum(P<0.05);the high-and low-dose groups showed reduced content of inflammatory factor monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in mouse liver tissues(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the high-and medium-dose groups displayed inhibited levels of inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the serum(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the high-,medium-,and low-dose groups showed increased content of glutathione(GSH)in mouse liver tissues(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In the mouse model of small intestinal peristalsis inhibition,compared with the model group,the high-dose Maca water extract group showed increased small intestinal propulsion rate(P<0.01 or P<0.05);the medium-dose group showed increased content of MTL in the serum(P<0.05);the high-and medium-dose groups showed reduced cGMP levels.The study of the regulatory effect of Maca on intestinal flora showed that compared with the blank group at the phylum level,the high-,medium-,and low-dose Maca water extract groups showed reduced abundance of Firmicutes;high-and low-dose groups showed increased abundance of Bacteroidetes.At the genus level,the medium-dose Maca water extract group showed increased abundance of Lactobacillus;the medium-and low-dose groups showed increased abundance of Alloprevotella;the high-,medium-,and low-dose groups showed significant differences in the intestinal microbial community.The results of metabolic function prediction showed that compared with the blank group,the high-and low-dose Maca water extract groups showed decreased RNA processing and modification,cell movement,extracellular structure,and cytoskeleton and increased other metabolic functions;the medium-dose group showed decreased cell movement and cytoskeleton and increased other metabolic functions.Conclusion:Maca water extract has the functions of protecting the liver,promoting defecation,and regulating intestinal flora.
作者
李宗源
陈红映
于泽玥
郝莉雨
孙建辉
李洪梅
陈敏
LI Zongyuan;CHEN Hongying;YU Zeyue;HAO Liyu;SUN Jianhui;LI Hongmei;CHEN Min(School of Pharmacy,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 210023,China;China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Qionghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Qionghai 571499,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Chinese Medicine Resource Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)
出处
《世界中医药》
CAS
2022年第20期2851-2859,共9页
World Chinese Medicine
基金
云南省重大科技专项计划项目(2017ZF004)——新资源物种辣木和玛咖开发关键技术研究。
关键词
玛咖
肠道菌群
酒精性肝损伤
通便
16S
rDNA技术
新资源食品
小鼠
代谢功能预测
Maca
Intestinal Flora
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Promoting Defecation
16S rDNA Technology
New Resource Food
Mouse
Metabolic Function Prediction
