摘要
为了研究肉鸡和不同蛋鸡品系杂交组合的生长和屠宰性能与杂种优势,试验以同一快大型白羽肉鸡品系A系公鸡与不同蛋鸡品系D1系、D2系和D3系母鸡的杂交后代(即AD1组合、AD2组合和AD3组合)为研究对象,对比分析不同杂交组合肉鸡体重、平均日耗料量、饲料转化效率(即料重比)、体尺性状(胫长、胫围、体斜长和龙骨长)和屠宰性能(屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿比率、腹脂率)及体重杂种优势。结果表明:42日龄时,不同组合公鸡平均体重差异不显著(P>0.05),AD2和AD3组合母鸡平均体重差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于AD1组合(P<0.05);42日龄时,AD1组合公鸡料重比显著低于AD2和AD3组合(P<0.05),但该组合母鸡料重比显著高于AD2和AD3组合(P<0.05);42日龄时,三个组合公母鸡的体斜长和龙骨长差异不显著(P>0.05),AD3与AD1组合公鸡的胫长和胫围均高于AD2组合,AD2和AD3组合母鸡的胫围均高于AD1组合;42日龄时,除AD3组合母鸡的屠宰率显著高于AD1组合(P<0.05)外,三个组合公母鸡在屠宰性能方面差异不显著(P>0.05);42日龄时,AD3组合的体重杂种优势率优于AD1和AD2组合。说明本试验中相同快大型白羽肉鸡品系父本与不同蛋鸡品系母本杂交时,在父本一致的条件下,母体效应能够对后代体重产生一定的影响,因此,为了更快提升商品代体重进展,在提高父系体重的同时,也需要提高母系体重的选择强度。
In order to study the growth performance, slaughter performance and heterosis of different cross combinations of broiler and layer strains, hybrid combinations(AD1, AD2 and AD3)produced by crossing the same fast large White-feather broiler line A rooster with different layer lines D1, D2, and D3 hens were used as the research objects.The body weight, average daily feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency(ratio of feed to weight), body size traits(shank length, shank girth, body oblique length and keel bone length), slaughter performance(dressing percentage, half-eviscerated percentage, eviscerated percentage, percentage of breast muscle, percentage of thigh and percentage of abdominal fat) and body weight heterosis were compared in broilers of different cross combinations. The results showed that at 42 days of age, there was no significant difference in the average body weight of roosters in different combinations(P>0.05), and there was no significant difference in body weight between hens in AD2 and AD3 combinations(P>0.05), but they were significantly higher than those of AD1 combination(P<0.05).At 42 days of age, the ratio of feed to weight of the roosters in the AD1 combination was lower than that of AD2 and AD3 combinations(P<0.05), but the ratio of feed to weight of the hens of AD1 combination were higher than that of AD2 and AD3 combinations(P<0.05).At 42 days of age, there were no significant differences in the keel bone length and body oblique length of the roosters and hens in each combination(P>0.05), the shank length and shank girth in the AD1 and AD3 combinations were higher than those in the AD2 combination, and the shank girth in the AD2 and AD3 combinations was higher than that in the AD1 combination.At 42 days of age, except that the dressing percentage of the hens in the AD3 combination was significantly higher than that in the AD1 combination(P<0.05), there were no significant differences in slaughter performance among the three cross combinations(P>0.05).At 42 days of age, the body weight heterosis rate in the AD3 combination was better than that of other combinations. It indicated that when male parent of the same fast large white-feather broiler crossed with female parent of different layer lines, the maternal effect could have a certain impact on the weight performance of the offspring under the condition of the same father and mother. Therefore, in order to improve the weight performance of the commercial generation rapidly, it is necessary to improve the selection intensity of maternal weight as well as paternal weight.
作者
田川尧
韩文朋
王建华
李光奇
石凤英
吴桂琴
TIAN Chuanyao;HAN Wenpeng;WANG Jianhua;LI Guangqi;SHI Fengying;WU Guiqin(Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101206,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第20期60-64,共5页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
北京市农业科技项目。
关键词
肉鸡
蛋鸡
品系
杂交组合
生长性能
杂种优势
母体效应
broilers
laying hens
strains
hybrid combination
growth performance
heterosis
maternal effect
