摘要
本研究拟通过饲养试验来评估植物精油共晶对肉鸭生长性能和肠道健康的影响,并通过线性和二次曲线分析来探讨其在肉鸭饲粮中的适宜添加量。采用单因素试验设计,选择480只1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭,随机分为5组,植物精油共晶(百里香酚和香芹酚1:1的共晶体,其有效含量为50%)添加量分别为0(对照)、15、30、60和120 mg/kg,每组6个重复,每个重复16只。试验期35 d,分为早期(1~14日龄)和后期(15~35日龄)2个阶段。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,植物精油共晶对肉鸭的生长性能和盲肠食糜总菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但随添加量的增加,线性降低了肉鸭早期死亡率(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,不同添加量的植物精油共晶,14日龄肉鸭空肠隐窝深度显著增加(P<0.05),14日龄的绒隐比和35日龄的空肠隐窝深度均显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮中添加60和120 mg/kg的植物精油共晶显著提高了14日龄肉鸭绒毛高度(P<0.05),但35日龄的绒毛高度却显著降低(P <0.05),饲粮添加30 mg/kg的植物精油共晶显著提高了肉鸭空肠的绒隐比(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加120 mg/kg的植物精油共晶显著提高了35日龄的空肠食糜淀粉酶活性(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,35日龄时,在饲粮中添加60和120 mg/kg的植物精油共晶显著增加了回肠黏膜丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),添加30和120 mg/kg植物精油共晶显著升高髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性(P<0.05)。以上结果提示,植物精油共晶作用效果具有剂量依赖性,以肠道形态为标识,结合生长性能和肠道消化酶活性,推荐肉鸭饲粮中添加60 mg/kg植物精油共晶。
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant essential oil eutectic on growth performance and intestinal health of meat ducks by feeding experiment,and to explore the optimal addition level of plant essential oil eutectic in meat duck diet by linear and quadratic curve analysis.A total of 480 cherry valley ducks,aged 1day old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups(6 replicates per group,16 ducks per replicate).The ducks in control group and 4 experimental groups were fed plant essential oil eutectic of 0,15,30,60 and 120 mg/kg,respectively.The plant essential oil eutectic was a 1:1 eutectic of thymol and carvacrol,and its effective content is 50%.The experiment lasted for 35 days.The experiment was divided into the early stage(1 to 14 days of age)and the later stage(15 to 35 days of age).The results showed as follows:1)there were no significant differences in the growth performance and the contents of total bacteria,Salmonella and Escherichia coli in caecal chyme among all groups(P>0.05),but with increasing the dietary plant essential oil eutectic level,the mortality rate was linearly decreased in the early stage(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the jejunum crypt depth of meat ducks at 14 days of age was significantly increased by adding different supplemental levels of plant essential oil eutectic(P<0.05),and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth at 14 days of age and jejunum crypt depth at 35 days of age were significantly decreased with the increase of the plant essential oil eutectic level(P<0.05),dietary supplemented with 60 and 120 mg/kg plant essential oil eutectic was significantly increased the villus height(P<0.05),but the villus height was significantly decreased at 35 days of age(P<0.05),and the supplementation of 30 mg/kg plant essential oil eutectic significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(P < 0.05).3)Compared with the control group,adding 120 mg/kg plant essential oil eutectic significantly increased jejunum amylase activity at 35 days of age(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 60 and 120 mg/kg plant essential oil eutectic significantly increased the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)in ileum mucosa at 35 days of age(P<0.05).Myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in 30 and 120 mg/kg plant essential oil eutectic groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).These results suggest that the effects of plant essential oils are dose-dependent,it is recommended to add 60 mg/kg essential oil eutectic for meat ducks according to intestinal morphology and considering growth performance and digestive enzyme activities.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(11):7145-7157]
作者
李立煊
张克英
丁雪梅
白世平
王建萍
吕莉
玄玥
曾秋凤
LI Lixuan;ZHANG Keying;DING Xuemei;BAI Shiping;WANG Jianping;LYU Li;XUAN Yue;ZENG Qiufeng(Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaires,Sichuan Province,Institute of Animal Nutrition,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期7145-7157,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CAR⁃42⁃10)。
关键词
植物精油共晶
肉鸭
生长性能
肠道健康
essential oil eutectic
meat ducks
growth performance
intestinal health
