摘要
[目的]在晋北农牧交错带进行燕麦不同带状间作模式种植,通过探究其产量效应及经济效益筛选出适宜当地生态环境的种植模式,以期优化晋北地区种植结构、推动当地经济发展。[方法]于2019年5-10月在山西省灵丘县开展大田试验,构建了燕麦‖马铃薯、燕麦‖大豆和燕麦‖红芸豆3种带状间作模式,研究其作物产量及经济效益,并从边行效应角度探究变化原因。[结果]燕麦‖马铃薯、燕麦‖大豆和燕麦‖红芸豆3种带状间作模式的土地当量比分别为1.06、0.96和1.09,表明燕麦‖马铃薯和燕麦‖红芸豆带状间作模式具有产量优势。其中,燕麦‖马铃薯和燕麦‖红芸豆间作模式中燕麦籽粒当量产量分别为4121.5 kg·hm^(-2)和4287.5 kg·hm^(-2),比单作燕麦分别增产13.5%和18.0%。3种带状间作模式中,燕麦的竞争比率分别为1.33、0.97和1.29,表明带状间作模式中燕麦的竞争力强于马铃薯和红芸豆,但弱于大豆。3种带状间作模式中,边1行籽粒当量产量对燕麦产量贡献最大,贡献率分别为28%、27%和32%,且在燕麦‖大豆和燕麦‖红芸豆带状间作模式中不同边行贡献率均表现为由边1行向内行递减趋势。其中,燕麦‖红芸豆带状间作模式边1行籽粒当量产量比单作行和间作内行高34.9%~50.4%(p<0.05)。经济效益分析显示,3种带状间作模式的经济效益比燕麦单作分别高49.4%、9.4%和42.9%,均表现出一定的经济效益优势。[结论]综合分析认为,燕麦‖马铃薯和燕麦‖红芸豆带状间作模式的产量效应和经济效益均较高,在晋北地区具备较强的推广应用价值。
[Objective]In the agro-pastoral intercropping zone of northern Shanxi Province,oats were planted in different bandshaped intercropping modes,and the planting modes suitable for the local ecological environment were screened by exploring their yield effects and economic benefits with the aims to optimize the planting structure in northern Shanxi and promote local economic development.[Methods]Field experiments were conducted in Lingqiu city in 2019.In this study,we compared the yields and economic benefits of three strip intercropping systems including oat/potato,oat/soybean,and oat/red kidney bean,and explored the reason from the perspective of edge effects.[Results]The results showed that the land equivalent ratio(LERs)of oat intercropping with potato,soybean,and red kidney bean were 1.06,0.95,and 1.09,respectively,indicating that the intercropping pattern of oat/potato and oat/red kidney bean had yield advantages.Among them,the oat equivalent yields in oat/potato and oat/red kidney bean were 4121.5 and 4287.5 kg·hm^(-2),respectively,which were 13.5%and 18.0%higher than that of monocropping pattern with oats.The competitive ratios of oats in three intercropping systems were 1.33,0.97,and 1.29,indicating that the competitiveness of oat was stronger than potato and red kidney bean,but weaker than soybean.Among the three intercropping systems,the grain equivalent yield of the first row of oat between different crops contributed the most to oat yield,with contribution rates of 28%,27%,and 32%,and the yield contribution rate of different rows showed a decreasing trend from the first side row to inner rows in oat/soybean and oat/red kidney bean.Among them,the yield of the first side row of oat/red kidney bean was 34.9%~50.4%higher than that of the intercropping inner rows and monocropping row.The economic benefits of the three strip intercropping systems were 49.4%,9.4%and 42.9%higher than those of oat monocropping,respectively.[Conclusion]Overall,the oat/potato and oat/red kidney bean intercropping systems are recommended in northern Shanxi Province due to their higher yields and economic benefits.
作者
王月
张鹏鹏
施磊
臧华栋
葛军勇
曾昭海
杨亚东
Wang Yue;Zhang Pengpeng;Shi Lei;Zang Huadong;Ge Junyong;Zeng Zhaohai;Yang Ya-dong(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Zhangjiakou Acade-my of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou,075000,China)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第5期55-65,共11页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS07-B-5)。
关键词
燕麦
豆科作物
带状间作
边行效应
经济效益
Oat
Legume crops
Strip intercropping
Edge effect
Economic benefit
