摘要
阿尔茨海默症(AD)是一种发生于老年和老年前期,以进行性认知功能障碍和行为损害为特征的中枢神经系统退行性疾病。是晚年最常见的慢性疾病之一,占到老年痴呆的50%~70%。AD的病因目前仍不明确,其主要的组织病理学改变为脑内的淀粉样β蛋白(Aβ)堆积和tau蛋白在细胞内聚集形成神经原纤维缠结。临床上AD以记忆障碍、视空间能力损害、抽象思维和计算力受限、人格和行为改变等为主要表现。而睡眠障碍是近年来被关注的AD患者的一个重要表现,会对患者的日间活动造成负面影响,作为影响昼夜节律的主要因素,光照有可能促进以及改善此类患者的睡眠。近年来的研究对光照疗法在该类患者中的作用有所突破,并且证明了光照疗法不但改善AD患者的睡眠障碍和昼夜节律紊乱,同时在改善患者认知,减轻抑郁、焦虑情绪和躁动行为方面也有一定的作用。全文将围绕光照疗法的特点和疗效以及光照的时长和强度与改善阿尔茨海默症患者的临床症状尤其是睡眠障碍之间的关系进行综述。
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a degenerative disease of central nervous system characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment occurring in old age and early old age. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in old age, accounting for about 50% to 70% of dementia in old age. The etiology of Alzheimer’s disease is still unknown. The main histological changes of Alzheimer’s disease are the deposition of amyloid β protein(Aβ)in the brain and the intracellular accumulation of Tau protein to form neurofibrillary tangles. Clinically, AD is mainly manifested by memory impairment, visual spatial impairment, abstract thinking and calculation impairment, personality and behavior changes. Sleep disturbance is an important manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease patients that has attracted attention in recent years, and it will negatively affect the daytime activities of patients. As a major factor affecting circadian rhythm, light may promote and improve sleep in such patients. Recent studies have made a breakthrough in the role of light therapy in patients with AD, and confirmed that light therapy not only improves sleep and circadian rhythm disorders recovery in patients with AD, but also has a certain effect on improving cognition, reducing depression, anxiety and restless behavior. This paper will review the characteristics and efficacy of light therapy as well as the relationship between the duration and intensity of light therapy and the improvement of clinical symptoms, especially sleep disorders of Alzheimer’s disease patients.
作者
孟超越
祝春华
王珊
刘晓云
MENG Chaoyue;ZHU Chunhua;WANG Shan;LIU Xiaoyun(The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Neurological Laboratory of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Neuroscience Research Center,Medicine and Health Institute,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050011,China)
出处
《中国实用神经疾病杂志》
2022年第9期1178-1183,共6页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:C2020206041)
科技创新2030—“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(编号:2021ZD0201804)。
关键词
阿尔茨海默症
光照疗法
睡眠障碍
光疗模式
照明设计
Alzheimer’s disease
Light therapy
Sleep disorders
Light therapy mode
Lighting design
