摘要
人工辅助生殖技术在给不孕患者带来福音的同时,也产生了有别于传统生殖背景下的新型法律纠纷。司法实践中能否为丧偶女性实施胚胎移植技术,不同法院采取了截然不同的理念,致使丧偶女性单独接受胚胎移植技术陷入了司法困境。困境之原因如下:一是胚胎移植相关规范不完善,仅有的规则效力层级低,难以作为裁判依据;二是受传统两性生育观念桎梏,丧偶女性能否独立实现生育权意见不一;三是冷冻胚胎之法律属性尚无定论,有关处置规则缺乏基本共识。为此,通过分析实践中的案例,认为丧偶女性的生育权值得法律特别尊重和保护,经其自主的知情同意实施胚胎移植技术,既符合《民法典》保护的人身自由、人格尊严等为基础而生的人格权益的立法目的,亦符合现代社会家庭生活形式多元化的时代趋势。
While artificial assisted reproductive technology brings good news to infertile patients,it also brings new legal disputes different from traditional reproductive background.In judicial practice,different courts have adopted completely different concepts on whether embryo transfer technology can be implemented for widowed women,resulting in judicial difficulties for widowed women receiving embryo transfer technology alone.The reasons for the dilemma are as follows:first,the regulations related to embryo transfer are not perfect,and the only rules have a low level of effectiveness,which is difficult to be used as the basis of judgment;Second,due to the shackles of the traditional concept of gender fertility,there are divergent views on whether widowed women can realize their reproductive rights independently;Thirdly,there is still no conclusion on the legal attribute of frozen embryos,and there is no basic consensus on the disposal rules.Therefore,through the analysis of cases in practice,it is concluded that the reproductive rights of widowed women deserve special respect and protection by law,and the implementation of embryo transfer technology with their independent informed consent conforms to the protection of personal freedom by the Civil Code.The legislative purpose of personality rights based on human dignity also accords with the trend of the times of diversified family life forms in modern society.
作者
郑玉亭
Zheng Yuting(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109,China)
出处
《中国卫生法制》
2022年第6期37-43,共7页
China Health Law
关键词
生育权
胚胎移植
知情同意
Reproductive rights
Frozen embryo transfer
Informed consent
