摘要
教师负担既是全球教育改革普遍关注的热点,也是我国基础教育高质量发展中迫切需要求解的现实问题。在主客观层面描述和国际比较分析之外,从教师角色及其嵌入的制度环境考察教师负担的生成更显必要。基于国内35份教师减负政策的文本分析,进一步确认行政压力和任务与教师过重负担的高度关联,教师角色亦由此异化为“社会事务分担者”和“行政末梢承压者”。当前教师减负政策的实施,仍面临教师专业地位的相对弱势、行政压力和教师承压的机率仍处高位、社会转型与教育变革仍对教师职业形成增压态势等严峻挑战。教师减负的治理,有必要搭建教师负担动态监测系统,形成长效机制;支持教师专业的持续成长,重塑教书育人本职;提供有效保障与激励,优化条块协作举措。
The work burden of teachers is both a global concern for education reform and a pressing issue in the high-quality development of basic education in China.In addition to subjective and objective level descriptions and international comparative analysis,it is also necessary to examine the generation of teachers’work burden in terms of the role of teachers and the institutional environment in which it is embedded.Based on the analysis of 35 texts on teacher load-reduction policies in China,the high correlation between administrative pressures and tasks and teachers’overload is further confirmed,and therefore teachers are increasingly taking up roles as stressful“semi-social workers”and“frontline administrative workers”.The implementation of current policies on reducing teachers’burden still faces huge challenges like relative disadvantage of teachers’professional status in schools,the pressure of administrative tasks and the high rate of teachers’stress,and the social transformation and educational changes that continue to exert additional pressure on teachers’work.In order to release teachers from the hard situation,it is necessary to establish a dynamic monitoring system and form a long-term burden reduction mechanism;to support the“re-professionalization”of teachers’roles and reshape their teaching duties;and to provide effective safeguards and incentives to optimize collaborative initiatives.
作者
董辉
刘许
张海蓉
DONG Hui;LIU Xu;ZHANG Hai-rong(Department of Educational Administration,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)
出处
《教师教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期64-70,共7页
Teacher Education Research
基金
国家社会科学基金2021年度教育学青年课题(CFA210248)部分成果
华东师范大学教育学部在线教育及教师发展基金重点项目“新时代我国中小学教师‘减负’政策研究”(ECNUFOE2021KYZX011)结题成果。
关键词
教师负担
角色异化
减负政策
专业自主
teachers’workload
role alienation
burden-reduction policy
professional autonomy
