摘要
对云南省5342位乡村教师的问卷调查显示,26.7%的教师离职意愿非常强烈,一有机会就会离开;总计有51.8%的乡村教师离职意愿强度在中等以上;有37.8%的教师长期(5年以上)在乡村从教的意愿弱。论文从乡村教师的个体特征、工作特征、区位特征、工资收入、职业体验五个维度来考查哪些教师更可能离开。研究发现,教龄、家庭来源地、学校规模及是否寄宿、学校到县城的距离、工资收入、职业体验等变量能有效预测乡村教师的离职意愿。其中,教龄、家庭来源地等指向教师补充,学校特征等指向教师工作负担,区位特征指向待遇补偿,职业体验则与教师专业支持等多种因素相关。结合实地调查发现,要稳定乡村教师队伍,需要建立本土化的长效补充机制、制定精细化的评价和激励机制、完善差别化的待遇补偿机制、建立一体化的专业发展支持机制。
According to a questionnaire survey of 5342 rural teachers in Yunnan Province,26.7%of the teachers have very strong turnover intention and would leave at the first opportunity.A total of 51.8%of them have a medium or higher intensity of turnover intention;and 37.8%have weak willingness to teach in rural areas for a long time(more than five years).This paper examines what kinds of teachers are more likely to leave from five dimensions:rural teachers’individual characteristics,job characteristics,location characteristics,salary income,and professional experience.It finds that variables such as years of teaching experience,family origin,school size and boarding opportunities,distance from school to county center,salary income,and career experience can effectively predict rural teachers’willingness to leave or not.Among the variables,years of teaching experience and family origin point to teacher recruitment,school characteristics point to teacher workload,location characteristics point to compensation for treatment,and career experience is related to teachers’professional support and other factors.Combined with the field investigation,it is found that in order to stabilize the rural teaching force,it is necessary to establish a localized long-term supplementary mechanism,develop a refined incentive and evaluation mechanism,improve a differentiated treatment compensation mechanism,and build an integrated professional development support mechanism.
作者
王艳玲
闻正梅
张慧
WANG Yan-ling;WEN Zheng-mei;ZHANG Hui(College of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China;Faculty of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,650500,China)
出处
《教师教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期98-107,共10页
Teacher Education Research
基金
云南省省院省校教育研究合作项目“《云南省乡村教师支持计划(2015-2020年)》实施绩效评估与后续政策研究”(SYSX202009)。
关键词
乡村教师
离职意愿
实证分析
rural teachers
turnover intention
empirical analysis
