摘要
【目的】研究水分胁迫对不同棉花品种生长发育的影响,筛选出抗旱种质资源,为棉花抗旱新品种选育提供依据。【方法】以11份陆地棉品种(系)为材料,设置正常灌水(3600 m^(3)/hm^(2))与水分胁迫(1800 m^(3)/hm^(2))2个处理,研究陆地棉在水分胁迫与正常灌水下生育进程、形态指标、干物质积累、抗氧化酶活性变化以及产量构成因素的差异。【结果】参试材料生育期缩短1~5 d;棉花生育期缺水抑制了棉花植株的生长,果枝量减少、单株铃数降低;水分胁迫下参试材料棉株干物质积累量在蕾期、花铃期、絮期分别下降0.70、5.68、2.18 g/株。有效铃数减少0.89g/株,单铃重平均下降0.23 g,籽棉减产幅度达到1.93%~37.14%。水分胁迫下11个参试品种(系)的抗氧化酶活性发生变化,3个参试品种(系)的SOD、POD、CAT活性均升高。【结论】参试材料9号、2号在水分胁迫下生长发育情况较好,棉花减产不显著,为抗旱性较好的棉花品种。
【Objective】The aim was to study the effect of water stress on growth and development in different cotton varieties,selected drought-resistant germplasm resources.It can help providing reference for drought-resistant breed selection.【Method】Eleven cotton varieties(strains)were used to investigate under normal irrigation(3,600 m^(3)/hm^(2))and water stress(1,800 m^(3)/hm^(2))condition,which for exploring the diversity of growth progress,morphological indexes,dry matter accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity change and yield components.【Result】Water stress accelerated the growth progress of cotton,growth stages reduced 1-5 days of eleven cotton varieties(strains).The lack of water inhibited the growth of cotton plant,which also resulted in a decrease of fruit branch and bud number.Under the water stress condition,dry matter accumulation per plant reduced 0.70 g,5.68 g and 2.18 g in seedling stage,boll forming stage and boll opening stage.At the same time,the number of effective bolls per plant and the single boll weight decreased by 0.89 and 0.23 g.The reduction of seed cotton yield ranged from 1.93%to 37.14%.Antioxidant enzyme activity changed of eleven cotton varieties(strains),the activity of SOD,POD,CAT all went up of three cotton varieties(strains)Under water stress.【Conclusion】Considered all experimental varieties performance of growth progress,agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity change and yield characters,we found that the Growth and Development of number 9 and 2 were better under the water stress condition.And its yield reduction was insignificant.Cotton varieties 9 and 2 had the better drought resistance under the test condition.
作者
郑子漂
徐海江
崔建平
林涛
郭仁松
王亮
张大伟
魏鑫
孔繁阳
ZHENG Zipiao;XU Haijiang;CUI Jianping;LIN Tao;GUO Rensong;WANG Liang;ZHANG Dawei;WEI Xin;KONG fanyang(Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期1821-1830,共10页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家棉花产业技术体系喀什综合试验站(CARS-15-52)
新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所青年科技骨干培养项目(JZ⁃RC2019Q03)
新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2020011)
棉花生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CB2020A22)
国家自然科学基金(31860358)
农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503117)。
关键词
干旱胁迫
陆地棉
干物质积累
抗氧化酶活性
产量
water stress
cotton
dry matter accumulation
antioxidant enzyme activity
yield
