摘要
为了研究日粮中添加不同浓度的叶酸(folic acid,FA)对散养芦花鸡蛋黄中叶酸含量、蛋品质及产蛋量的影响,试验将245只30周龄散养的健康芦花鸡随机分为7组,每组35只。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,2~7组(分别为试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组)为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加10,20,40,80,160,320 mg/kg的叶酸,预试期为7 d,正试期为30 d,统计产蛋量,在正式试验开始的第10,20,30天,每组随机选取鸡蛋35枚,其中15枚用于蛋品质指标检测,20枚用于蛋黄中叶酸含量的检测。结果表明:第10天时,试验Ⅵ组蛋黄中叶酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);第20天时,试验Ⅴ组与试验Ⅵ组蛋黄中叶酸含量均显著高于其他组(P<0.05),但两组间差异不显著(P>0.05);第30天时,试验Ⅵ组蛋黄中叶酸的含量最高,达到1.14μg/g,显著高于对照组及试验Ⅰ~Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。在整个试验期间,日粮中添加叶酸对蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋黄颜色影响不明显。第10天时,各组间蛋壳颜色差异不显著(P>0.05),试验Ⅵ组的蛋壳厚度、相对密度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的蛋形指数显著高于其他组(P<0.05);第20天时,各组间蛋清重、蛋壳重、蛋壳厚度及哈氏单位差异不显著(P>0.05),试验Ⅱ组、试验组Ⅳ及试验Ⅴ组的蛋壳颜色显著低于对照组(P<0.05);第30天时,各组间蛋清重、蛋壳厚度差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验初期添加叶酸会降低产蛋量,随着试验的进行,到第30天时,日粮添加叶酸对产蛋量的影响不大,高浓度添加组(试验组Ⅳ、试验Ⅴ组及试验Ⅵ组)恢复到和对照组相当的水平。说明日粮添加10 mg/kg及以上的叶酸可以显著提升蛋黄中叶酸的含量;在整个试验过程中,添加叶酸并未对鸡蛋的蛋重、蛋黄重及蛋黄颜色造成显著影响,但改善了鸡蛋的相对密度及哈氏单位等蛋品质指标;添加初期产蛋量有所降低,随着饲喂时间的延长,叶酸添加对产蛋量的影响不大。
In order to study the effects of dietary supplementation with different concentrations of folic acid(FA) on the content of folic acid in the egg yolk, egg quality and egg production of free-ranging Luhua chickens, a total of 245 30-week-old healthy free-ranging Luhua chickens were randomly divided into 7 groups with 35 chickens in each group. The hens in the first group served as the control group and were fed the basic diet. The chickens in the second to seventh groups(as group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ, group Ⅴ and group Ⅵ) served as the experimental groups and were fed the basic diet supplemented with 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 mg/kg folic acid. The pre-trial period was 7 days and the positive trial period was 30 days. Egg production was counted. On the 10 th, 20 th and 30 th days of the formal experiment, 35 eggs were randomly selected from each group, of which 15 eggs were used for the detection of egg quality indicators and 20 eggs were used for the detection of folic acid content in egg yolk. The results showed that the content of folic acid in egg yolk in group Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05) on the 10 th day;the content of folic acid in egg yolk in group Ⅴ and group Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05) on the 20 th day, but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05);the content of folic acid in the yolk in group Ⅵ was the highest(1.14 μg/g) on the 30 th day, which was significantly higher than that in the control group and the test groups Ⅰ-Ⅳ(P<0.05). During the whole experiment period, dietary folic acid supplementation had no significant effect on egg weight, yolk weight and yolk color. On the 10 th day, there was no significant difference in egg shell color among all groups(P>0.05), the egg shell thickness and relative density in the test group Ⅵ were significantly lower than those in other groups(P<0.05), and the egg shape index in test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). On the 20 th day, there was no significant difference in egg white weight, egg shell weight, egg shell thickness and Haugh unit among the all groups(P>0.05), and the egg shell color in the test group Ⅱ, the test group Ⅳ and the test group Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). On the 30 th day, there was no significant difference in egg white weight and egg shell thickness among the all groups(P>0.05). The addition of folic acid in the early stage of the experiment could reduce egg production. With the progress of the experiment(until the 30 th day), the addition of folic acid in the diet would have little effect on the egg production, and the high concentration addition groups(test group Ⅳ, test group Ⅴ and test group Ⅵ) recovered to the same level as the control group. The results indicated that folic acid content in egg yolk could be significantly increased by adding 10 mg/kg more than 10 mg/kg folic acid to the diet. During the whole experiment, the addition of folic acid did not have a significant effect on the egg weight, yolk weight and yolk color of eggs, but improved the relative density and Haugh unit of eggs. The addition of folic acid decreased egg production in the early stage, but folic acid supplementation had little effect on egg production with the increase of feeding time.
作者
毛帅强
孙雯可
毋春楠
吴凤明
蔡锋隆
刘鼎阔
杨贵军
于晓雪
李留安
MAO Shuaiqiang;SUN Wenke;WU Chunnan;WU Fengming;CAI Fenglong;LIU Dingkuo;YANG Guijun;YU Xiaoxue;LI Liuan(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Tianjin Guangyuan Livestock and Poultry Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 301806,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additive Enterprise,S&E Burgeoning Biotechnology(Tianjin)Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300383,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第21期93-98,共6页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
天津市研究生科研创新项目(2020YJSS129)
天津市企业科技特派员项目(19JCTPJC59500,21YDTPJC00580,22YDTPJC00990)
天津市科技重大专项与工程项目(18ZXBFNC00310)
天津市“131”创新型人才团队建设项目(20180318)。
关键词
日粮
蛋黄
叶酸
蛋品质
产蛋量
dietary
egg yolks
folic acid
egg quality
egg production
