摘要
分析比较新疆水旱长期耕作不同年限下土壤团聚体组成及其各粒级团聚体有机碳的动态变化,探讨水田和旱地土壤团聚体有机碳的赋存能力。采用湿筛法对新疆水田和旱地的土壤团聚体及其有机碳的变化进行研究。研究发现,(1)水田和旱地土壤有机碳随着种植时间的延长呈现增加趋势,旱地显著低于水田土壤有机碳的增加。(2)水田种植100 a内,53—250μm微团聚体和>250μm水稳性团聚体增加了199.80 g·kg^(−1)和321.60 g·kg^(−1),<53μm团聚体则逐步减少;旱地种植下,53—250μm微团聚体在0—5 a间快速增加了231.21 g·kg^(−1),5 a后基本维持在一个相对稳定的水平;<53μm团聚体0—10 a间快速下降后,维持在230.67—252.33 g·kg^(−1)之间的稳定水平。(3)团聚体有机碳水田显著大于旱地,100 a间水田>250μm水稳性团聚体有机碳质量分数,与荒地相比增加了22.95 g·kg^(−1);而旱地则在种植0—10 a间表现出增加的趋势,10 a后基本保持在相对稳定的水平;53—250μm微团聚体有机碳质量分数水田比旱地显著高出了145.30%,在种植时间内(100 a)都呈现一致的增加趋势;<53μm团聚体在种植100 a内都呈现出下降趋势,但水田<53μm有机碳则在种植100 a内逐步减少,与自然土壤开垦前降低了45.28%,旱地土壤则在0—10 a间快速下降。(4)水田和旱地土壤团聚体质量分数与其有机碳质量分数之间呈正相关关系,不同粒径团聚体质量分数与其有机碳质量分数之间相关关系表现不同。综上,荒地开垦后水田比旱地更有利于土壤有机碳质量分数的提高和稳定性团聚体颗粒的形成,有利于促进土壤结构向良性方向发展。
The composition of soil aggregates and the changes in aggregate associated organic carbon under long-term paddy-dry land cultivation were measured in this paper to analyze the storage capacity of aggregate associated organic carbon in paddy and dry land in Xinjiang.Wet sieve method was used to separate different sizes of soil aggregates.Results showed that(1)the soil organic carbon content under the paddy and dry land conditions was increased with the increase of planting years.Compared with the natural soil,soil organic carbon content in paddy soil increased by 28.35 g·kg^(−1) and 25.51 g·kg^(−1) at the 0‒20 cm and 20‒40 cm depths,respectively,during the 100 planting years,while the soil organic carbon content in dry land only increased by 3.74 g·kg^|(−1) and 2.15 g·kg^(−1) at the 0‒20 cm and 20‒40 cm depth,respectively.(2)The content of macro-aggregate(>250μm)and micro-aggregate(53‒250μm)increased by 321.60 and 199.80 g·kg^(−1) during the 100 years of planting,while the aggregates<53μm decreased with the increase of planting years under the paddy cultivation.Under the dryland cultivation,the micro-aggregates increased rapidly during the period of 0‒5 a with the value of 231.21 g·kg^(−1),and then remained at a relatively stable level after 5 a.The aggregates<53μm decreased rapidly during the period of 0‒10 a,and then maintained a stable level among 230.67 and 252.33 g·kg^(−1).(3)The aggregate associated organic carbon content in the paddy soil was higher than that in the dry land.Compared with the natural soil,the macro-aggregate associated organic carbon content in the paddy soil increased by 22.95 g·kg^(−1) during the 100 years of planting.However,the macro-aggregate associated organic carbon content in dry land soil increased by 3.25 g·kg^(−1) during the period of 0‒10 a,and then maintained a stable level.The mirco-aggregate associated organic carbon in the paddy soil was 145.30%higher than that in the dry land soil.The micro-aggregate associated organic carbon contents in the paddy and dry land soil were increased with the increase of planting years,while the aggregate<53μm associated organic carbon content had the opposite change trend.The aggregate<53μm organic carbon in paddy soil decreased gradually with the value of 45.28%during the 100 years of planting,while it decreased rapidly by 61.45%in the dry land soil between 0 and 10 a.(4)There was a positive correlation between soil aggregates and the aggregate associated organic carbon in the paddy and dry land soil.The content of aggregate<53μm and its associated organic carbon showed a significant linear correlation,while the micro-and macro-aggregate content and their associated organic carbon showed significant exponential correlations under the paddy soil.Under dryland cultivation,the macro-aggregate content and its associated organic carbon showed a logarithmic relationship,while the micro-aggregate content and its associated organic carbon content showed an exponential relationship.In conclusion,the paddy field is more conducive to the improvement of aggregate associated organic carbon content and the formation of stable aggregates than the dry land,which is beneficial to promote the development of soil structure.
作者
朱生堡
唐光木
张云舒
徐万里
葛春辉
马海刚
ZHU Shengbao;TANG Guangmu;ZHANG Yushu;XU Wanli;GE Chunhui;MA Haigang(Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Land Improvement and Utilization(Saline-alkali Land in Arid and Semi-arid Regions),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Urumqi 830091;College of resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830092)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期2152-2160,共9页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41261059)。
关键词
水田
旱地
土壤团聚体
有机碳
新疆
paddy
dry land
soil aggregate
soil organic carbon
Xinjiang
