摘要
【目的】明确条赤须盲蝽Trigonotylus coelestialium各虫态的形态特征及其发育历期和成虫繁殖力等生物学特性,为条赤须盲蝽的预测预报及科学防治提供理论依据。【方法】在2021年9-10月郑州室内自然变温(22.0~28.1℃)和25℃恒温条件下,以玉米灌浆期籽粒为食料进行饲养,并观察、记录条赤须盲蝽个体各发育阶段的形态特征,测定其各虫态的发育历期、存活率、成虫寿命及雌成虫产卵量。【结果】条赤须盲蝽卵块产于玉米籽粒基部内颖内侧,卵粒长圆筒形,向一侧略弯。从1龄若虫开始触角呈现红色,随龄期增加红色逐渐明显,至5龄若虫时触角第1节出现3条清晰可见的红色纵纹。翅芽从3龄若虫开始明显可见。雌成虫产卵器长瓣状,平放于生殖节中部的沟槽内。室内自然变温下,条赤须盲蝽卵历期为6.27 d,卵孵化率为89.90%;1-5龄若虫历期分别为2.80, 2.33, 2.70, 2.77和3.90 d,若虫总历期为14.50 d,若虫总存活率为85.97%;雌成虫产卵前期为4.43 d,产卵持续期为13.93 d,单雌产卵19.47块,产卵量为82.55粒。25℃恒温下,条赤须盲蝽卵历期为7.73 d,卵孵化率为81.13%;1-5龄若虫历期分别为2.17, 1.90, 1.77, 1.90和2.93 d;若虫总历期为10.67 d,若虫总存活率为71.84%;雌成虫产卵前期为4.17 d,产卵持续期为11.27 d,单雌产卵21.17块,产卵量为72.22粒。【结论】条赤须盲蝽的5龄若虫和成虫的触角第1节的形态特征可用于区分其与该属其他昆虫;其翅芽的发育特征可判别若虫龄期;变温能延长其若虫历期和成虫寿命,同时有利于提高雌成虫产卵量和卵孵化率。
【Aim】 This study aims to determine the morphological and biological characteristics including developmental duration and adult fecundity of Trigonotylus coelestialium, so as to provide a theoretical basis for its prediction and scientific control. 【Methods】 T. coelestialium was bred with corn grains at the filling stage as the food under the indoor natural variable temperature(22.0-28.1℃) and the constant temperature of 25℃, respectively, in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, central China during September-October, 2021, and the morphological characteristics of T. coelestialium at different developmental stages were observed and recorded. The biological indexes including the duration of different developmental stages, survival rate, adult longevity and female oviposition quantity were measured. 【Results】 The egg mass of T. coelestialium is deposited in the inner glume of corn grain. The egg is cylindrical and slightly curved to one side. The antennae of the 1 st instar nymphs are reddish, and the red color becomes obvious with the increase of nymphal instar. At the 5 th instar nymphal stage, three clearly visible red longitudinal lines appear on the 1 st segment of antennae. The 3 rd instar nymphs have evident wing buds. The ovipositor of the female adult is long valvular and lies flat in the groove of genital segments. Under the indoor natural variable temperature, the egg duration of T. coelestialium was 6.27 d with the egg hatching rate of 89.90%, the 1 st-5 th instar nymphal duration was 2.80, 2.33, 2.70, 2.77 and 3.90 d, respectively, and the total nymphal duration was 14.50 d with the total nymplal survival rate of 85.97%. The pre-oviposition period of female adult was 4.43 d, the oviposition duration was 13.93 d, and a total of 82.55 eggs in 19.47 egg masses were produced by a single female under the indoor natural variable temperature. Under the constant temperature of 25℃, the egg duration of T. coelestialium was 7.73 d with the egg hatching rate of 81.13%, the 1 st-5 th instar nymphal duration was 2.17, 1.90, 1.77, 1.90 and 2.93 d, respectively, and the total nymphal duration of T. coelestialium was 10.67 d with the total nymphal survival rate of 71.84%. The pre-oviposition period of female adult was 4.17 d, the oviposition duration was 11.27 d, and a single female laid 72.22 eggs in 21.17 egg masses under the constant temperature of 25℃. 【Conclusion】 The morphological characteristics of the 1 st antennal segment of the 5 th instar nymph and adult of T. coelestialium can be used to distinguish it from other species of Trigonotylus. The developmental characteristics of the wing bud of T. coelestialium can be used to distinguish its nymphal stage. Variable temperature prolongs the nymphal duration and adult longevity of T. coelestialium, and increases its egg laying capacity and egg hatching rate.
作者
张琦
赵曼
罗泉
苗琳琳
袁星星
李晗
李为争
张利娟
郭线茹
ZHANG Qi;ZHAO Man;LUO Quan;MIAO Lin-Lin;YUAN Xing-Xing;LI Han;LI Wei-Zheng;ZHANG Li-Juan;GUO Xian-Ru(Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control,College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期1512-1523,共12页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200600)
河南省玉米产业技术体系植保岗位科学家科研专项(HARS-22-02-G3)。
关键词
条赤须盲蝽
形态
生活史
发育历期
成虫寿命
繁殖力
Trigonotylus coelestialium
morphology
life history
developmental duration
adult longevity
fecundity
