摘要
目的掌握本地区常见毒蛇种类及毒蛇咬伤患者的特点,指导本地区毒蛇咬伤防治和抗蛇毒血清的储备,提高毒蛇咬伤的救治水平.。方法收集我院2012年6月~2022年6月收治的3336例毒蛇咬伤患者的临床资料,对其年份、性别、年龄、咬伤部位、毒蛇种类、预后等情况进行分析。结果不同年份毒蛇咬伤患者无明显变化趋势,仅2020年蛇咬伤事件明显减少。毒蛇咬伤患者中,男女比为2.05∶1,男性明显多于女性;年龄主要集中在20~69岁,占87.29%。竹叶青蛇、原矛头蝮、眼镜蛇为主要致伤毒蛇;咬伤部位以四肢为主,上肢、下肢占比不同蛇种略有差异。毒蛇咬伤的治疗有效率为98.89%,而以眼镜王蛇咬伤死亡率最高。结论本地区毒蛇咬伤患者以竹叶青蛇为主,应适当增加相应的抗蛇毒血清储备,同时对居民进行蛇咬伤健康宣教;毒蛇咬伤早期就诊、早期综合对症处理,有利于降低死亡率,提高治疗效果。
Objective To master the species of common venomous snakes and the characteristics of venomous snake bites in this area,and to guide the prevention and treatment of venomous snake bites and the storage of antivenom serum in this area.Methods 3336 cases of venomous snake bite in our hospital from 2012 to 2022 were collected and statistically analyzed according to year,gender,age,bite site,species of poisonous snakes and prognosis.Results There was no obvious change trend of snake bite cases in different years,Only in 2020,the number of snake bites decreased significantly.The ratio of male to female was 2.05∶1,and male was much more than female evidently.The age of the injured people was mainly between 20-69 years old,accounting for 87.29%.Trimeresurus stejnegeri,Agkistrodon haly and cobra are the main poisonous snakes.The bite site is mainly four limbs,and the proportion of upper limbs and lower limbs is slightly different among different snake species.The effective rate of venomous snake bite was 98.89%,and the death rate of king cobra bite was the highest.Conclusion The cases of snake bite in this area are mainly caused by Trimeresurus stejnegeri,the corresponding serum reserves should be appropriately increased,the health education of snake bite should be carried out to the residents,the early treatment of snake bite should be taken,and comprehensive treatment should be taken to reduce the mortality rate and improve the treatment level of snake bite.
作者
陈炳英
陈颖虎
吴建波
梁强
张志刚
CHEN Bing-ying;CHEN Ying-hu;WU Jian-bo;LIANG Qiang;ZHANG Zhi-gang(The First Department of Surgery of the Second Hospital in the Southern Theater Navy,Sanya City,Hainan Province,572000,China)
出处
《蛇志》
2022年第4期452-455,共4页
Journal of Snake
