摘要
目的探索“三位一体”综合干预模式在老年慢性病患者流感疫苗接种意愿干预中的有效性和可行性,为推广老年慢性病患者疫苗接种的综合干预模式提供理论依据。方法2020年9月—2021年6月,采用分层随机抽样方法,随机抽取900名慢性病患者作为研究对象,对其开展为期6个月的“三位一体”综合干预,采用问卷调查评估干预前后研究对象的流感疫苗接种意愿、知识知晓率和接种率,并对所得数据进行统计分析。结果干预前,研究对象愿意接种流感疫苗的人数比例、流感疫苗知识知晓率及流感疫苗接种率分别为53.09%、53.00%及8.10%;干预后,研究对象愿意接种流感疫苗的人数比例、流感疫苗知识知晓率及流感疫苗接种率分别为61.40%、93.10%及31.26%,干预前后比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。风险估计结果显示:“三位一体”综合干预对不同病种、性别及年龄段研究对象的流感疫苗接种意愿、知识知晓率和接种率均为保护性因素(均OR<1)。此外,均一性检验及独立性检验结果显示:性别、年龄因素在本研究中的混杂作用不明显,病种因素在“三位一体”综合干预与研究对象疫苗知识知晓率的关系中存在效应修饰作用。结论“三位一体”综合干预可有效提高老年慢性病患者流感疫苗接种意愿、知识知晓率和接种率。
Objective To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of the comprehensive intervention model in influenza vaccination willingness in elderly patients with chronic diseases to provide a theoretical basis for promoting comprehensive intervention of vaccination in them.Methods From September 2020 to June 2021,900 patients with chronic conditions were randomly selected by stratified random sampling.A 6-month comprehensive intervention was carried out.A questionnaire survey was adopted to assess the influenza vaccination willingness,awareness rate,and vaccination rate of the study participants before and after the intervention.The obtained data were statistically analyzed.Results Before the intervention,the proportion of patients willing to receive influenza vaccine,awareness rate,and vaccination rate were 53.09%,53.00%,and 8.10%,respectively.After the intervention,the proportion of patients willing to receive influenza vaccine,awareness rate,and vaccination rate were 61.40%,93.10%,and 31.26%,respectively.There were significant differences before and after the intervention(all P<0.05).The results of risk estimation showed that the willingness,awareness rate,and vaccination rate of influenza vaccination were protective factors(all OR<1).In addition,the results of the homogeneity test and independence test showed that sex and age factors had no significant confounding effect in this study,and disease factors showed a modification effect in the relationship between comprehensive intervention and vaccine awareness among study participants.Conclusion The comprehensive intervention mechanism can effectively improve the willingness,awareness,and vaccination rates of influenza vaccination in elderly patients with chronic diseases.
作者
汤成
李小清
王晓蓉
骆致
Tang Cheng;Li Xiaoqing;Wang Xiaorong;Luo Zhi(Chongqing Jiulongpo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400039,China;Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Chongqing 400011,China;Chongqing Jiulongpo Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Chongqing 400051,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2022年第11期11-17,共7页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
重庆市九龙坡区科技计划项目(KY2019007)。
关键词
三位一体
流感疫苗
疫苗干预
慢性病
Comprehensive mechanism
Influenza vaccine
Vaccine intervention
Chronic disease
