摘要
背景:临床试验表明种植体的直径、形状等都会影响种植效果,但是种植体的长度对不同种植类型的影响目前仍然存在争议。目的:从愈合过程模拟角度出发,采用有限元方法分析种植后不同种植体的力学差异。方法:采用CAD软件建立3种种植体(常规种植体、短种植体及超短种植体)及骨粉几何模型,模拟上颌16牙(第一磨牙)缺失,建立上颌窦内提升术模型,划分网格、施加边界条件后建立有限元模型。术后3-5个月在邻牙加载,6-9个月在种植体加载,求解后对植体及其周围的软硬组织进行生物力学分析,以寻求最佳种植体。结果与结论:①施加垂直载荷时,3种种植体的位移均小于100μm,最大位移均出现在种植体颈部;常规种植体在整个愈合周期内的位移变化最小,在邻牙加载时,短种植体和超短种植体的最大位移值近似,在种植体加载时二者位移值差距增大;②施加舌侧载荷时,3种种植体的位移均超过了100μm,最大位移均出现舌侧,在邻牙加载时,常规种植体位移值最大;在种植体加载时,超短种植体位移远超过常规种植体和短种植体;③施加远中载荷时,3种种植体的最大位移均出现在种植体颈部,并且种植体的位移均大于施加垂直、舌侧载荷时的位移,在邻牙加载时,常规种植体的位移大于短种植体、超短种植体;在种植体加载时,3种种植体间的位移差异明显减小,最大位移均出现在种植体颈部;④对在种植体施加舌侧与远中侧载荷时,超短种植体组牙槽骨上的应力分别为81.62,73.35 MPa,其余组牙槽骨应力均小于53 MPa;⑤结果显示,在种植修复时应首选常规种植体,其次是短种植体,最后是超短种植体,倾斜载荷比垂直载荷更容易造成种植失败。
BACKGROUND:Clinical trials have shown that the diameter and shape of implants affect the implant effect,but effect of the length of implants on different implant types is still controve rsial.OBJECTIVE:From the perspective of healing process simulation,finite element technique was used to analyze the mechanical differences of different implants after implantation.METHODS:CAD software was used to establish three kinds of implants(conventional implants,short implants and ultrashort implants)and bone meal geometric models.The loss of maxillary 16 teeth(first molar)was simulated to establish the maxilla ry sinus internal lift model.The finite element model was established after dividing the mesh and imposing boundary conditions.Loading was selected in the adjacent teeth from 3 to 5 months postoperatively,and loading in the implant from 6 to 9 months.Biomechanical analysis of the implant and its surrounding soft and hard tissues was performed after solving for the optimal implant to find the best implant.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The maximum displacements were concentrated in the cervical part of the implant,and the displacements of the three kinds of implants were less than 100μm during vertical loading.The displacement change of conventional implants during the whole healing cycle was the minimum.When adjacent teeth were loaded,the maximum displacements of short and ultrashort implants were similar,and the difference between the displacements of them increased when implants were loaded.(2)During lingual loading,the displacements of the three kinds of implants were more than 100μm.The maximum displacement occurred on the lingual side.When the adja cent teeth were loaded,the displacement of the conventional implant was the maximum;when the implant was loaded,the displacement of the ultrashort implant far exceeded that of the conventional and short implants.(3)During lingual and distal mid loading,the maximum displacements were concentrated in the cervical part of the three kinds of implants.The displacements of the implants were all larger than those during vertical and lingual loading.When adjacent teeth were loaded,the displacement of conventional implants was greater than that of short and ultrashort implants.When the implants were loaded,the displacement differences among the three kinds of implants were significantly reduced,and the maximum displacements appeared in the implant neck.(4)The stresses on the alveolar bone in the ultrashort implant group were 81.62 MPa and 73.35MPa for lingual and distal mid loading,respectively.The stresses on the alveolar bone in the rest of the models were less than 53 MPa.(5)Res ults concluded that conventional implants should be prefe rred for implant resto rations,followed by short implants and finally ultrashort implants.Inclined loading is more likely to cause implant failure than vertical loading.
作者
徐大鹏
景捷
马璐
曲爱丽
Xu Dapeng;Jing Jie;Ma Lu;Qu Aili(School of Mechanical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China;Dental Hospital,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第25期3942-3948,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
宁夏重点研发项目(2021BEB04009),项目负责人:曲爱丽
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AACO3357),项目负责人:景捷。
关键词
牙种植
有限元
种植体
内提升术
生物力学
骨粉
dental implant
finite element
implant
internal lifting
biomechanics
bone meal
