摘要
基于我国全面建立生活垃圾处理收费制度的现实需求,开展上海市居民对生活垃圾处理收费的支付意愿(WTP)调查等基础性研究。结果表明:国外垃圾处理收费多采用计量征收模式,我国以定额征收或水消费系数法为主。本研究中60%以上的受访者对垃圾分类工作十分关注,且认为居民投放环节至关重要;此外居民生活垃圾处理的WTP金额为18.20元/(月·户),与受访者收入和本地户籍正相关,与受访者年龄负相关。结合目前的收费理论、政策及操作层面的可行性,提出了上海市开征居民生活垃圾收费的相关对策建议,仅采用定额收费可能难以起到良好的生活垃圾源头减量效果;而水消费系数法随水征收执行简便且能保证较高收缴率和较低收缴成本,具备一定可操作性。现阶段实施按量征收不仅需要投入资金升级配套设备而且可能会给垃圾分类工作开展带来负面效应。研究成果可为上海市正式开征居民生活垃圾收费提供基础资料和决策参考,有利于促进生活垃圾全程分类体系制度的进一步完善。
Based on the practical needs of comprehensively establishment of the charge system of municipal solid waste(MSW)treatment in China,basic research such as the investigation of residents’willingness to pay(WTP)in Shanghai was carried out.The results showed that waste treatment charges were mostly paid as you throw in foreign countries,while it was dominated by flat rate charging or water consumption coefficient in China.More than 60%of the respondents in this study paid close attention to the waste classification work,and thought that the residents’dumping of waste played important role.In addition,the respondents’WTP for the MSW treatment was 18.2 RMB per month per household,which was positively correlated with income and domiciliary register,and negatively correlated with age.Combined with the feasibility of current charging theory,policy and operation,relevant countermeasures and suggestions for establishing residents’MSW charges in Shanghai were proposed.It may be difficult to achieve a satisfied effect of MSW source reduction only by adopting the flat rate charging.While the water consumption coefficient method was easy to implement,which could ensure a higher charge rate and lower charge cost,thus had certain operability.The implementation of pay as throw not only required investment in upgrading supporting equipment,but also may bring negative effects to the development of waste classification.The research results could provide basic data and decision-making reference to formally establishing residents’MSW charges in Shanghai,which could conducive to further improve the whole process classification system of MSW.
作者
王川
邰俊
宋立杰
毕珠洁
欧阳创
奚慧
WANG Chuan;TAI Jun;SONG Lijie;BI Zhujie;OUYANG Chuang;XI Hui(Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200232;Shanghai Institute of Environmental Engineering and Design Science Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200232)
出处
《环境卫生工程》
2022年第6期84-90,共7页
Environmental Sanitation Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1900702)。
关键词
生活垃圾
水消费系数法
按量收费
支付意愿
municipal solid waste
water consumption coefficient method
pay as you throw
willingness to pay
