摘要
[目的]了解湿贮玉米在河北省的制作和使用现状,对湿贮玉米进行经济效益等分析,为该技术的进一步大面积使用提供依据。[方法]采用问卷调查、实地考察、样品采集检测分析相结合的方式,对河北省玉米主产区7个地级市(廊坊市、邢台市、石家庄市、唐山市、保定市、沧州市、辛集市)的湿贮玉米制作、应用情况进行调研。[结果]湿贮玉米在制作方式上,窖贮占8.33%,裹包贮占91.67%;在使用原料上,全籽粒占8.33%,带芯玉米占50%,带皮、带芯玉米占41.67%;在制作成本上,湿贮玉米比压片玉米节省约900元/t(参考2020年玉米市场价格);在生产效益上,使用湿贮玉米的奶牛场每公斤奶成本降低约0.1~0.5元;在营养价值上,湿贮玉米(籽粒湿贮和裹包带芯湿贮)的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、淀粉含量与玉米粉、压片玉米相当,甚至优于后两者。[结论]湿贮玉米不仅可以有效保存玉米营养、防止霉变,还能降低饲养成本,提高生产效益。这种质优价廉的能量饲料贮存技术值得在河北省养殖业中进一步推广应用。
[Objectives] To understand the present situation of the production and use of wet corn in Hebei province, and analyze its economic benefits, so as to provide the basis for further large-scale application of this technology. [Method] The production and application of wet corn in seven prefecture-level cities in Hebei province(Langfang, Xingtai, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Baoding, Cangzhou and Xinji city)were investigated by questionnaire survey, field investigation and sample collection and analysis. [Results]In terms of the production method of high-moisture corn, the cellar storage accounted for 8.33% of the total investigation amount, and the wrapped storage accounted for 91.67% of the total investigation amount. As for the type of raw materials, the use of whole grain raw materials accounted for 8.33% of the total survey, the use of corn with core accounted for 50% of the total survey, and the use of corn with skin and core accounted for 41.67%. In terms of the production cost, the difference between the price of wet-stored corn and that of pressed corn is about 900 yuan/t(refer to the market price of corn in 2020). In terms of the production benefits, using wet storage corn in dairy farms can reduce the cost by about 0.1 ~0.5 yuan per kg of milk according to the feeding and management levels type of each farm. In terms of the nutritional value, the content of crude protein, crude fat and starch of wet-storage corn(wet storage of grains and wet storage with wrapped core) is equivalent to or even superior to the nutritional value of corn flour and pressed corn. [Conclusions] Wet storage of corn cannot only effectively preserve corn nutritional value and prevent mildew, but also reduces feeding costs and improves production efficiency. This kind of high-quality and low-cost energy feed storage method is worthy of further popularization and application in aquaculture.
作者
符乐
王晓芳
剧勍
胡晓悦
冯曼
王亚男
姜新领
邵丽玮
FU Le;WANG Xiaofang;JU Qing;HU Xiaoyue;FENG Man;WANG Yanan;JIANG Xinling;SHAO Liwei(Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China;Baoding Livestock Husbandry Workstation,Baoding 071000,China;Chengde Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Chengde 067000,China;Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Wuyi,Hengshui 053400,China)
出处
《养殖与饲料》
2023年第1期43-47,共5页
Animals Breeding and Feed
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队项目(HBCT2018120202、HBCT2018120406)。
关键词
湿贮玉米
应用现状
营养价值
饲养成本
生产效益
high-moisture corn
application status
nutritional value
feeding cost
efficiency of production
