摘要
面对新冠疫情,以专业机构和专业群体为代表的专家系统在媒介接触影响政府信任的过程中扮演何种角色?全国性调查分析发现,在新冠疫情暴发期,通过官方媒介接触新冠疫情信息越多,公众对中央政府和地方政府的信任水平就越高,而非官方媒介接触对公众的政府信任没有直接影响。官方媒介接触同时经由医疗机构信任和科学家信任对公众的地方政府和中央政府信任产生正面影响,而非官方媒介接触仅经由医疗机构信任对公众的地方政府和中央政府信任产生负面影响。科学家信任在官方媒介接触与公众政府信任之间发挥的中介作用强于医疗机构信任,而在非官方媒介接触影响公众政府信任的过程中,仅医疗机构信任存在负面中介作用。基于专家系统在现代社会信任生态中扮演的重要角色,政府要充分发挥专家系统的作用,依靠科学应对和化解危机。
How do people trust government at different levels amid the Covid-19 pandemic as well as infodemic? How do media of different political nature shape public trust in government during the pandemic? What role does expert system, exemplified by professional institutions and groups, play between media exposure and government trust?A national survey found:(1) Public trust in central government is higher than local government during the pandemic, confirming a hierarchical order of government trust in China.(2) The more the public is exposed to Covid-19 information through state media, the higher their trust in both central and local governments, whereas non-state media exposure has no impact on government trust.(3) State media exposure influences government trust through public trust in both medical institutions and scientists, yet non-state media exposure affects government trust only through public trust in health providers, which means state media exposure can change government trust by more forms of expert trust, leading to a greater impact than non-state media exposure.(4) While public trust in scientists serves as a stronger mediator than trust in medical institutions between state media exposure and government trust, only trust in medical institutions shows a negative mediation effect between non-state media exposure and government trust.These findings accentuate the critical role played by expert systems in the modern society’s trust ecology. Firstly, while trust in expert systems based on knowledge authority and trust in government based on political authority are all forms of public trust in abstract system in modern society, the former will significantly influence the latter. Secondly, although both professional groups and institutions are important parts of the expert system, people’s trust in abstract system is better embodied in its living agents. Thirdly, in addition to direct contact with expert systems, people are more dependent upon the gateway of media to form their experience of and thus their trust in expert systems.In major public health crisis, government needs to pay attention to both state media and non-state media. On the one hand, government should enhance the defining and guiding role of state media to strengthen the mainstream public opinion during the infodemic. The state, on the other hand, must reinforce its regulation of non-state media, with a special attention to misinformation and malicious speech related to medical institutions and practitioners. Moreover, policy makers need to take full advantage of expert systems in the process of crisis management, including crisis evaluation, decision making, information release and social mobilization, to achieve social integration and better governance.
作者
韦路
李佳瑞
Wei Lu;Li Jiarui(College of Media and International Culture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期69-85,共17页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA325)。
关键词
新冠疫情
媒介接触
公共卫生
政府信任
专家系统信任
Covid-19
media exposure
public health
trust in government
trust in expert systems
