摘要
热动力灾害是影响金属矿山安全生产的重要因素之一,绿色、经济且高效的金属矿山热动力防治技术对于安全开采工作极为重要。为给我国金属矿山热动力灾害的科学治理提供参考依据,对金属矿山热动力灾害进行了定义和分类,分析了金属矿山热动力灾害的特性,系统阐述了目前我国金属矿山热动力灾害理论与防控技术的研究现状与进展,指出我国金属矿山热动力灾害防治技术现存问题:(1)各类热动力灾害之间的耦合孕灾机理尚不明确;(2)次生衍生灾害的临界诱发条件及防控理论研究存在不足;(3)对隐蔽灾害全方位探测的速度及精度有待提高;(4)尚未构建金属矿山热动力灾害一体化协同防治技术体系;(5)针对叠加热动力灾害与次生衍生灾害的应急救援方法不成熟;(6)缺乏对深部热动力灾害基础理论与防治技术的研究。最后对我国金属矿山热动力灾害防控技术的发展方向进行了展望,指出了我国金属矿山热动力灾害防治技术的重点研究领域:(1)金属矿山热动力灾害耦合孕灾基础理论;(2)灾害叠加效应与次生衍生灾害诱发机制;(3)金属矿山热动力灾害智能精准监测监控平台;(4)金属矿山热动力灾害“全面—高效—协同”应急管理体系;(5)深部金属矿山热动力灾害复杂致灾机制与综合防控技术。
Thermodynamic disasters are one of the important factors affecting the safe production of metal mines,and green,economic and efficient thermodynamic prevention and control technologies for metal mines are extremely important for safe mining work.In order to provide a reference basis for the scientific management of metal mine thermodynamic hazards in China,the definition and classification of metal mine thermodynamic hazards,the analysis of the characteristics of metal mine thermodynamic hazards,the current research status and progress of the theory and prevention and control technology of metal mine thermodynamic hazards in China are systematically described,and the existing problems of metal mine thermodynamic hazard prevention and control technology in China are pointed out:(1)The coupling between various types of thermodynamic hazards;(2)The critical triggering conditions and prevention and control theory of secondary derivative disasters are not clear;(3)The speed and accuracy of all-round detection of hidden disasters need to be improved;(4)The integrated and coordinated prevention and control technology system of metal mine thermodynamic disasters has not been built;(5)The emergency rescue method for superimposed thermodynamic disasters and secondary derivative disasters is not mature;(6)Lack of research on the basic theory and prevention technology of deep thermodynamic disasters.Finally,the development direction of China′s metal mine thermodynamic disaster prevention and control technology is prospected,and the key research areas of China′s metal mine thermodynamic disaster prevention and control technology are pointed out:(1)The basic theory of metal mine thermodynamic disaster coupling and pregnancy;(2)The mechanism of disaster superposition effect and secondary derivative disaster triggering;(3)The intelligent and accurate monitoring and control platform of metal mine thermodynamic disaster;(4)Metal mine thermodynamic disaster“comprehensive-efficient-cooperative”emergency management system;(5)Deep metal mine thermodynamic disaster complex disaster mechanism and comprehensive prevention and control technology.
作者
高懿伟
郭志国
张俊
郑彪华
GAO Yiwei;GUO Zhiguo;ZHANG Jun;ZHENG Biaohua(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第12期196-204,共9页
Metal Mine
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:51904120)
江西省教育厅科学技术青年项目(编号:GJJ180473)。
关键词
金属矿山热动力灾害
外因火灾
硫化矿自燃
硫化矿尘爆炸
矿井热害
thermodynamic disasters in metal mines
external fire
spontaneous combustion of sulphide ore
explosion of sulphide ore dust
mine thermal damage
