摘要
云南大叶种晒青茶是国家地理标志产品普洱茶的唯一原料,具有滋味浓醇回甘、香气清香浓郁带日晒味等特点。为了解云南大叶种晒青茶的品质形成机理,本研究利用广泛靶向代谢组学技术对‘云抗10号’晒青茶加工过程的“摊放叶”“杀青叶”“揉捻叶”“干燥叶”进行代谢物检测和分析。结果表明:晒青茶加工过程中,四组样品一共检测到649个代谢物,主要是黄酮类、脂类、酚酸类、氨基酸及其衍生物类、生物碱类。这些物质主要通过黄酮类生物合成、氨基酸类代谢、谷胱甘肽代谢、磷酸戊糖途径合成和降解。通过差异代谢物筛选,摊放叶和杀青叶之间共有97个差异代谢物,其中上调61个、下调36个;杀青叶和揉捻叶之间有23个差异代谢物,其中上调8个、下调15个;在揉捻叶和干燥叶之间有71个差异代谢物,其中上调31个、下调40个,主要是黄酮类(鼠李柠檬素、香叶木素、高车前素、山奈酚、圣草酚)和氨基酸及其衍生物类(还原型谷胱甘肽、L-苏氨酸、S-腺苷-L-蛋氨酸、L-天冬氨酸-O-二葡萄糖苷)。
Sun-dried green tea of Yunnan Camellia sinensis var.assamica is the only raw material of Pu-erh tea,a national geographic indication product,which has the characteristics of strong,mellow and sweet taste,strong fragrance and sunshine flavor.In order to understand the quality formation mechanism of sun-dried green tea,extensive targeted metabolomics technology was used to detect and analyze the metabolites of spreading tea leaves,water-removing tea leaves,rolling tea leaves,drying tea leaves in the process of mechanical harvesting.The results showed that 649metabolites were detected in the four groups of samples,mainly flavonoids,lipids,phenolic acids,amino acids and their derivatives,and alkaloids.These substances are mainly synthesized and degraded through flavonoids biosynthesis,amino acid metabolism,glutathione metabolism,pentose phosphate pathway.Through the screening of differential metabolites,97kinds of differential metabolites between spreading tea leaves and water-removing tea leaves were found,of which 61 were up-regulated and 36 were down-regulated.There were only 23 differential metabolites in green leaves and rolled leaves,of which 8 were up-regulated and 15 were down-regulated Seventy one kinds of differential metabolites in the rolled and dried leaves,of which 31 were up-regulated and 40 were down-regulated.They are flavonoids(rhamnocitrin,diosmetin,hispidulin,kaempferol,eriodictyol),amino acids and their derivatives(glutathione reduced form,L-threonine,S-adenosylL-methionine,L-aspartic acid-O-diglucoside).
作者
刘学艳
吕才有
LIU Xueyan;LV Caiyou(School of Biotechnology and Engineering,West Yunnan Normal University of Science and Technology,Lincang 677000,China;Yunnan Black Tea Engineering Technology Research Center,Lincang 677000,China;College of Tea,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650100,China)
出处
《茶叶通讯》
2022年第4期498-509,共12页
Journal of Tea Communication
基金
国家现代农业(茶叶)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-19)。
关键词
晒青茶
代谢物
代谢组学
茶叶加工
Sun dried green tea
Metabolites
Metabonomics
Tea processing
