摘要
竹材轻质高强,具有优良柔韧性,充分利用其柔韧特性加工竹产品,是一种创新制造方法。竹缠绕技术可以有效发挥竹材的轴向拉伸性、弯曲柔韧性及其内部相互连通的孔隙结构等特性,是通过竹材的弯曲、缠绕,制备竹缠绕复合材料或缠绕式竹材制品的一项技术。用于缠绕的竹基本单元有竹纤维、竹丝、竹篾、刨切薄竹以及竹条等,目前应用最多的是竹纤维、竹篾和刨切薄竹,但现阶段缠绕基本单元的连续化加工存在生产成本高或竹缠绕制品力学性能降低等问题。竹缠绕技术发展至今,总体可以划分为两种类型:无胶竹缠绕技术与胶合竹缠绕技术,无胶竹缠绕是指通过竹单元之间相互施加力的作用或借助外力作用实现竹材单元缠绕、成型的技术;胶合竹缠绕是指通过胶黏剂的作用实现竹材单元缠绕、胶合成型的技术,根据胶合工艺的不同,可分为高含量树脂包覆式与层合式,高含量树脂包覆式实际上是一种竹材增强树脂基复合材料制造技术,而层合式则是一种竹材连续曲面层压技术。竹缠绕技术是一种异型竹产品加工方法,包括圆形以及非圆形轮廓竹产品,可应用范围广,产品覆盖水利、市政、建筑、军工、交通、家居、食品等领域,在性能、环保、成本等方面均具有显著优势。深入开展竹缠绕技术创新,加快产业化进程,加大推广应用力度,应是未来的努力方向。
Bamboo is natural material with advantages of lightweight, high-strength, and excellent flexibility. As an innovative manufacturing method to make full use of its flexibility to process bamboo products, the bamboo winding is a technology to prepare bamboo winding composites or winding bamboo products by bending and winding bamboo units. The technology takes all bamboo advantages of axial tensile property, flexibility, and interconnected pore structure. Presently, the bamboo basic units used for winding are bamboo fibers, bamboo sticks, bamboo slivers, fine bamboo sheets and bamboo strips, in which, bamboo fibers, bamboo slivers, and fine bamboo sheets are used mostly. However, there are some problems in the continuous processing of winding basic units, such as the high production cost and reduced mechanical properties of bamboo winding products, which have restricted the development of bamboo winding technology. Nowadays, the bamboo winding technology can be generally divided into two types, i.e., non-glued bamboo winding technology and glued bamboo winding technology. Among them, the non-glued bamboo winding technology refers to the technology that the bamboo units are wound and formed by the mutual application of forces between the bamboo units or with the help of external forces, such as bamboo fiber twisting, bamboo weaving, and bamboo bending and winding. The glued bamboo winding technology refers to the technology that the bamboo units are wound and formed by adhesives. According to the different gluing processes, the glued bamboo winding technologies can be divided into two types, i.e., high-content-resin coating and laminating, The high-content-resin coated type is a manufacturing technology for bamboo reinforced resin matrix composite, while the laminated type is a bamboo continuously curved laminated technology. Bamboo winding technology is a processing method for special-shaped bamboo products with a wide application range, including round profile bamboo products, such as pipes and non-round profile bamboo products. The bamboo winding products cover many fields, such as water conservancy, municipal water supply and drainage system, construction, military industry, transportation, household, and food, which have significant advantages in terms of products performance, environmental protection, and cost. The application of bamboo winding technology is conducive to promoting energy saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction, helping China to achieve the goal of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. It is conducive to revitalizing idle bamboo resources, increasing job opportunities, promoting the development of the biological industry, and realizing rural revitalization. It is of great significance to carry out bamboo winding technology innovation, accelerate the industrialization process and promote its wide applications.
作者
费本华
苏勤
刘焕荣
方长华
马欣欣
张秀标
孙丰波
FEI Benhua;SU Qin;LIU Huanrong;FANG Changhua;MA Xinxin;ZHANG Xiubiao;SUN Fengbo(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology,Beijing 100102,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期25-33,共9页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
贵州省林业局科技研发项目(GZMC-ZD20202112)。
关键词
竹材
弯曲柔韧性
竹缠绕单元
无胶竹缠绕
胶合竹缠绕
异型竹产品
bamboo
flexibility
bamboo winding units
non-glued bamboo winding
glued bamboo winding
special-shaped bamboo products
