摘要
基于三维海洋数值模式(estuarine coastal ocean model, semi-implicit, Ecom-si)对枸杞岛邻近贻贝养殖海域的水动力进行了数值模拟研究。通过在模型动量方程中添加动量损耗项,实现了对贻贝浮筏养殖设施阻流效应的模拟,采用实测数据对模型进行了潮位及流速的验证。利用验证良好的数值模型模拟了潮流驱动下养殖设施附生海藻碎屑漂移及沉降。结果表明,贻贝养殖设施及养殖贝串在海表的阻流效应使表层流速降低了约80%,中、下层流速分别降低了约50%和30%,在养殖海域外围因过流面的减小使得养殖场外围的流速有所增大。应用拉格朗日质点追踪模块模拟的结果表明,当碎屑质点处于悬浮状态即质点沉降速率(w)为0 m/s时,质点需要约600 h才能达到36.79%(e^(-1))的沉底率;且无阻流效应时,沉底质点的分布在距养殖区中心9.0~10.5 km的区域内,有阻流效应时,质点的沉底范围分布在距养殖区中心7.5~8.5 km的区域内。当w大于0 m/s时,3种碎屑沉降速度的结果差异不大,大约在80 h内质点的沉底率达到99%,无阻流效应时质点沉降区域为距养殖区中心10.0~13.5 km的范围内,有阻流效应时质点的沉降范围为距养殖区6.8~12.0 km的区域,大潮期间释放质点沉底范围所示的碎屑生态辐射范围较小潮释放质点广。在不考虑风应力等驱动的条件下,潮致余流是决定碎屑输运路径和沉底位置的主要动力学因子。
The hydrodynamic influence due to large scale suspended aquaculture farm off Gouqi Island, China, was studied, using a 3-dimensional numerical Model(Estuarine Coastal Ocean Model, semi-implicit, Ecom-si). A momentum sink method was used in the model to represent the retarding effect caused by the resistance of aquaculture sleeves. The numerical model was then validated with observed data of tides and flow speed. The model results showed that the existence of suspended mussel sleeves in water reduced the flow speeds, the surfaces currents were reduced by about 80%. At the same time, it increased the tidal current velocity at the edge of the farm throughout the water column.The simulation results of Lagrange particle tracking module showed that it took about 600 hours for the particles to reach the settlement rate of 36.79%(e^(-1)) when the detritus particles were in suspension state. The particles were distributed in the region of 9.0-10.5 km away from the center of the farm zone without the retarding effect, and that were distributed in the region of 7.5-8.5 km away from the farm center with the retarding effect. When w was greater than 0 m/s, there was little difference between 3 kinds of detritus settlement velocities, and the particle settlement rate reached 99% in about 80 hours. The particle settlement area was within a range of 10.0-13.5 km from the center of the culture area without retarding effect and the particle settlement area was within a range of 6.8-12.0 km from the farm area with the retarding effect. The settlement range of the released particles during the spring tide showed a wider ecological radiation range of detritus than neap tides released. The tidal residual current was the main dynamic factor that determined the detritus transport path and settlement position without considering the drive of wind stress.
作者
温英
林军
杨冠林
杨伟
唐建江
WEN Ying;LIN Jun;YANG Guanlin;YANG Wei;TANG Jianjiang(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Ranching,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Forecasting Center,State Oceanic Administration,Shanghai200136,China)
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1549-1561,共13页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900905)。
关键词
海藻碎屑
贻贝浮筏养殖设施
阻流效应
潮致余流
数值模拟
seaweed detritus
suspended mussel aquaculture facilities
retarding effect
tide-induced residual current
numerical simulation
