摘要
油体是植物种子储存甘油三酯的天然细胞器,其内部是甘油三酯、外部由单层磷脂和结构蛋白组成的生物膜所覆盖,油体在食品中有广泛的应用前景。本文综述影响油体界面层的因素及界面层对油体消化特性的影响。油体界面层主要通过油体来源、提取条件和外源添加等方式进行调控,并将界面层分为天然界面层和复合界面层。天然界面层由磷脂和结构蛋白组成,油体在胃消化时会融合成大尺寸液滴,比表面的增加影响了肠阶段的游离脂肪酸释放;复合界面层是由外源性蛋白质、多糖或酚类物质与油体的天然界面层组成,消化过程中外源性蛋白质水解不彻底会产生多重乳液和胶束,多糖在油体表面形成了紧密的界面膜,酚类与油体表面的蛋白络合,这些变化影响了油脂的消化。本文为油体作为膳食脂质、功能营养素运载及产品开发提供了参考。
Oil bodies are the storage organelles for triglycerides.The internal of oil body is triglyceride, and its external is single phospholipid membrane and covered by biological membrane consisting of constitutive protein. Oil bodies have a wide application prospect in food. In this study, the effects of interfacial layers on the digestive characteristics of oil bodies were reviewed. The interfacial layer of oil bodieswas mainly controlled by oil bodies source, extraction conditions and exogenous additions, and it was divided into natural interfacial layer and complex interfacial layers. The natural interfacial layer was composed of phospholipid and oleosins. During gastric digestion, oil bodies could coalesce into large droplets, and increase the specific surface area of oil bodies, which affected the release of free fatty acids. The complex interfacial layers were composed of exogenous proteins, polysaccharides or phenolics and natural interfacial layer. Incomplete hydrolysis of exogenous proteins might produce multiple emulsion and micelle during digestion. Polysaccharides could create the most densely interfacial monolayer. The phenolics were combined with the interfacial protein of oil bodies. These changes could affect the digestion of lipids. Therefore, this paper provided a reference for oil bodies as dietary lipid and product development.
作者
杨旭凤
侯文淇
郭本虎
丁秀臻
张大健
赵路苹
Yang Xufeng;Hou Wenqi;Guo Benhu;Ding Xiuzhen;Zhang Dajian;Zhao Luping(College of Food Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an271018;Shandong Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai’an271018)
出处
《中国粮油学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期297-304,共8页
Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association
基金
国家林业和草原局林草国家创新联盟自筹研发项目(GLM[2021]22)
山东省农业良种工程项目(2019LZGC004)。
关键词
油体
天然界面层
复合界面层
消化特性
oil body
natural interfacial layer
complex interfacial layers
digestive characteristics
