摘要
为研究舟山岛北部海域鱼类群落结构及生物多样性特征,根据2020—2021年春、夏、秋、冬四季在舟山岛北部海域开展的渔业资源底拖网调查获得的鱼类资料,研究了该海域鱼类的种类组成、区系特征、生态类群和生物多样性等群落结构特征,并结合LUSTER等级聚类方法分析了不同季节各站位鱼类群落结构的相似性。结果表明:调查海域春、夏、秋、冬四季共捕获并鉴定出鱼类50种,隶属于12目26科45属,各季节的鱼类种类数依次为夏季>冬季>秋季>春季;该海域鱼类由暖水性种(占56.0%)和暖温性种(占44.0%)组成,且以洄游性种类的季节性分布为主;优势种季节更替明显,以夏季最多(6种),春季次之(2种),秋季和冬季各为1种,龙头鱼Harpodon nehereus是该海域最重要的优势种;生物多样性分析显示,多样性指数(H′)以夏季最高,均匀度指数(J)以春季最高,丰富度指数(D)以冬季最高;群落相似性程度以夏季最高,冬季最低,四个季节鱼类群落主要以龙头鱼和银鲳Pampus argenteus等为代表,但不同群落的代表性鱼类各不相同。研究表明,近10年来舟山岛北部海域鱼类群落在夏季处于相对稳定的状态,总体生物多样性水平略高于附近海域。
In order to probe for fish community structure and biodiversity characteristics in north sea area of Zhoushan Island, the fishery resources and community structure including species composition, fauna characteristics, ecological groups, and biological diversity of fish were surveyed at 20 sampling sites in the north Zhoushan Island sea in spring(April, 2021), summer(June, 2021), autumn(October, 2020) and winter(Juanuary, 2021) by bottom trawls. Then the similarity of fish community structure was analyzed at different sampling stations in different seasons by clustering method. The results showed that a total of 50 fish species were collected and identified, belonging to 12 orders, 26 families and 45 genera, in the four seasons, with the descending order of the number of fish species in each season as summer>winter>autumn>spring. The fishes in this area were composed of warm water species(56.0%) and warm-temperature species(44.0%), with the dominant seasonal migratory species. The obvious seasonal change in dominant species was observed, with 6 species in summer, 2 species in spring, 1 species in autumn and 1 species in winter, and the most important dominant species being bombay duck Harpodon nehereus in this area. The maximal diversity index(H′) was found in summer, the maximal evenness index(J) in spring, and the maximal richness index(D) in winter. There was the maximal similarity degree of community in summer and the minimal one in winter. The fish communities of four seasons were mainly represented by bombay duck and silver pomfret Pampus argenteus, with the different representative fishes in different communities. The fish community in the northern waters of Zhoushan Island was shown relatively stable in summer in recent 10 years, and the overall biodiversity level was slightly higher than that in the nearby waters.
作者
陆延
牛威震
程爱勇
俞存根
江新琴
LU Yan;NIU Weizhen;CHENG Aiyong;YU Cungen;JIANG Xinqin(China Energy Zhejiang Zhoushan Power Generation Company Limited,Zhoushan 316012,China;College of Fisheries,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1022-1031,共10页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家自然科学基金(31270527)
横向委托项目“浙江舟山发电厂三期扩建工程海域渔业资源监测调查与分析”。
关键词
舟山岛北部海域
鱼类
种类组成
群落结构
生物多样性
northern sea area of Zhoushan Island
fish
species composition
community structure
biodiversity
