摘要
通过分析川西北流动沙地不同恢复时间植物群落物种组成、物种多样性和空间分布格局的变化过程,从而探究该区域生态修复后植被群落结构稳定性,为川西北沙地生态修复提供科学指导。本研究以若尔盖县未经治理和治理后5年、10年、20年的流动沙地为研究对象,结果表明:(1)随着恢复时间的延长,流动沙地物种数增加,治理后20年,植物种类由未经治理的3种左右增加到约21种,植被盖度由5%以下上升到75%。(2)优势种群物种多样性指数随治理时间延长总体上呈上升趋势,治理后20年,丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、均匀度指数分别上升了172.51%、49.45%、123.79%、54.03%。丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener指数上升降幅度最大,均匀度指数也上升显著。(3)不同治理时间优势种群均形成了聚集分布格局,同一优势种群随治理时间延长聚集强度呈显著上升趋势。治理后10年,赖草、青藏薹草等优势种群的物种多样性指数、聚集强度均较高,且与露沙地嵩草类优势种群的聚集强度指数差异较小。由此可得出,流动沙地治理10年后,植物群落基本达到了相对暂稳状态。因此,在川西北高寒区流动沙地生态修复中采取设置沙障,再辅以植灌种草、施肥,同时禁止牲畜干扰等恢复措施能有效促进沙化地植被恢复。
In this study,the mobile sandy land in Zoige county in northwest Sichuan that has not been treated and treated for 5,10,and 20 years were selected as the research object,and the chang process of plant community species composition,species diversity and spatial distribution pattern at different restoration times of mobile sandy land in northwest Sichuan were analyzed,so as to explore the stability of vegetation community structure after ecological restoration in this area,and provide scientific guidance for ecological restoration of sandy land in northwest Sichuan.The results showed that:(1)With the extension of the recovery time,the number of species in mobile sandy land increased.After 20 years of treatment,the number of plant species increased from about 3 in the untreated plot to about 21,and the vegetation coverage increased from below 5%to 75%.(2)The species diversity index of dominant population generally showed an upward trend with the extension of treatment time.After 20 years of treatment,the richness index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index increased by 172.51%,49.45%,123.79%,and 54.03%respectively.Among them,the richness index and Shannon-Wiener index increased the most,and the evenness index also increased significantly.(3)At different treatment time,the dominant population formed an aggregation distribution pattern,and the aggregation intensity of the same dominant population showed a significant upward trend with the extension of the treatment time.After 10 years of treatment,the species diversity index and aggregation intensity of dominant populations such as Leymus secalinus and Carex moorcroftii were higher,and the aggregation intensity index of dominant population of Kobresia in open sandy land was slightly different.Therefore,it can be concluded that the plant community has basically reached a relatively stable state after 10 years of artificial management of the mobile sandy land.It is proposed that the restoration measures such as setting up willow barriers,planting shrubs and grass,fertilizing,and prohibiting livestock disturbance can effectively promote the vegetation recovery in the ecological restoration of mobile sandy land in the alpine region of northwest Sichuan.
作者
贺丽
陈德朝
吴科君
邓东周
鄢武先
李红霖
王雪
刘成
HE Li;CHEN Dechao;WU Kejun;DENG Dongzhou;YAN Wuxian;LI Honglin;WANG Xue;LIU Cheng(Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning Institute,Chengdu 610081,China)
出处
《四川林业科技》
2022年第6期87-93,共7页
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology
基金
国家科技支撑计划“川西北藏区高寒沙地适生治沙灌木材料培育及示范”(2015BAC05B01)
四川省省财政专项项目“川西北高寒区沙化土地治理植被群落特征变化研究”(2018CZZX02)
四川省省财政专项项目“川西北高寒区不同类型沙化土地土壤种子库特征研究”(2020CZZX16)
四川省省财政专项项目:“川西北高寒区沙化土地生物结皮种类及特征研究”(2019CZZX24)。
关键词
川西北
物种多样性
空间格局
植被恢复
Northwest Sichuan province
Species diversity
Spatial distribution pattern
Vegetation restoration
